The spatiotemporal dynamics of plant invasions.

植物入侵的时空动态。

• 批准号: 194613-2012
• 负责人: Lavoie, Claude
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: Université Laval
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=506902
• 关键词: spatiotemporal; dynamics; plant; invasions.

The long-term objective of my research program is to understand why some exotic plant species are more successful than others for establishing large populations in their introduced range. The short-term objectives of the program are to (1) construct simple predictive models of the success of exotic plants using databases available on the web, (2) determine why road networks are so important for the spread of plant species in their exotic range but not in their native range, and (3) pursue my research on the dynamics of aquatic plant invaders through a detailed study on Eurasian watermilfoil. Several hypotheses will be tested: (1) species with a large native range are likely to become invasive, (2) there are some fundamental differences between European and American road systems that explain the success of invaders, and (3) the invasion of watermilfoil is more associated to the movements of anglers than to environmental characteristics. For a thorough test of the link between the extent of the native range and the success of exotic plants, I propose to reconstruct the spatial distribution of species using several databases available online, and to calculate statistical correlations between the extent of the native range and that of the exotic range for species introduced in North America from Europe (and vice-versa). For the second part of the research program, I propose to test several models that have been developed to predict the presence of invasive plants along roads, both in the introduced and native ranges of the species. The dynamics of the watermilfoil invasion will be studied in the Gatineau River valley where the invader is rapidly expanding in oligotrophic lakes. Molecular techniques will be used to identify genotypes and to quantify genetic diversity, within and among lakes. The behaviour of anglers (where and when do they fish) will also be thoroughly investigated. Models predicting the presence and abundance of watermilfoil in lakes of the Gatineau River valley, integrating genotypes, water quality characteristics, landscape metrics and data on anglers will be developed. This research program will have a significant impact on the development of the science of biological invasions, both in Canada and abroad and, in a broader context, of plant biogeography.

我的研究计划的长期目标是了解为什么某些外来植物物种比其他物种更能成功地在其引入范围内建立大量种群。该计划的短期目标是（1）利用网络上可用的数据库构建外来植物成功的简单预测模型，（2）确定为什么道路网络对于植物物种在外来范围内的传播如此重要，而不是在其本地范围内，以及（3）通过对欧亚水藻的详细研究，继续我对水生植物入侵者动态的研究。将测试几个假设：（1）具有较大本地范围的物种可能会成为入侵者，（2）欧洲和美国的道路系统之间存在一些根本差异，这可以解释入侵者的成功，以及（3）水花的入侵与钓鱼者的运动更多地相关，而不是与环境特征相关。为了彻底测试本地范围的范围和外来植物的成功之间的联系，我建议使用几个在线数据库重建物种的空间分布，并计算从欧洲引入北美的物种的本地范围和外来范围之间的统计相关性（反之亦然）。对于研究计划的第二部分，我建议测试几个已开发的模型，用于预测道路沿线入侵植物的存在，包括该物种的引进和本地范围。水螅入侵的动态将在加蒂诺河谷进行研究，入侵者在贫营养湖泊中迅速扩张。分子技术将用于识别湖泊内部和湖泊之间的基因型并量化遗传多样性。钓鱼者的行为（他们在何时何地钓鱼）也将受到彻底调查。将开发整合基因型、水质特征、景观指标和垂钓者数据的模型，预测加蒂诺河谷湖泊中水藻的存在和丰富度。该研究计划将对加拿大和国外生物入侵科学的发展以及更广泛的植物生物地理学的发展产生重大影响。