Novel energetic polymers and metal-hybrid compounds

新型含能聚合物和金属杂化化合物

• 批准号: 227469-2010
• 负责人: Dubois, Charles
• 金额: $ 3.93万
• 依托单位: École Polytechnique de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=514264
• 关键词: Novel; energetic; polymers; metal; hybrid

After the blooming of the information revolution, the turn of this new century has seen energy storage and release, security issues and access to space emerged as new preoccupations. Polymer based materials, such as plastics and composites, have an important role to play in the novel technologies that will be developed to address these concerns. Energetic polymers are not explosives materials per say, but they find use as binders or core components in solid propellants, explosives formulations, and gas generator compositions such as automotive airbags or other explosive actuated safety devices. The metal particles offer fuel potential that is several times the one available in liquid and gas fuels. Both of energetic polymers and metal nanoparticles will become key enablers of novel energetic materials. However, to realize this potential, important breakthrough are required. Safety issues slow down the development and scale-up of novel energetic polymers production process. Metal nanoparticles of interest, such as aluminum, boron and magnesium are rapidly covered by an oxide layer reducing their fuel value and shelf-life. If the idea of reducing the size of metal particles to increase their reactivity is push to its limit, one may think of synthesizing a hybrid compound where metal atoms are directly incorporated in the backbone of a polymer. This research is aimed at developing innovative processes and materials allowing for an increased use of polymers in the field of energetic materials. As more immediate objectives, the synthesis and development of new energetic polymers, polymer passivation coatings on metal nanoparticles and metal hybrids energetic polymers will be considered. The proposed research is an answer to a sector of polymer technology in needs of innovation to face contemporary challenges. Smarter and recyclable airbags, hypervelocity propulsion systems based on metal nanopowders, advanced thrusters for micro-satellites, environmentally friendly high density explosives are examples of potential applications. The research offer opportunities to increase our fundamental knowledge about energetic polymers reaction engineering, chemical energy release from macromolecules and rheology and dispersion of nanoparticles suspensions in polymers media.

在信息革命蓬勃发展之后，在新的世纪之交，能源储存和释放、安全问题和进入空间成为新的关注问题。聚合物基材料，如塑料和复合材料，在为解决这些问题而开发的新技术中发挥着重要作用。高能聚合物本身不是爆炸物材料，但它们可用作固体推进剂、爆炸物制剂和气体发生器组合物如汽车气囊或其他爆炸物致动的安全装置中的粘合剂或核心组分。 金属颗粒提供的燃料潜力是液体和气体燃料的数倍。含能聚合物和金属纳米粒子将成为新型含能材料的关键推动者。然而，要实现这一潜力，需要取得重大突破。安全问题减缓了新型含能聚合物生产工艺的开发和规模化。感兴趣的金属纳米颗粒，如铝、硼和镁，迅速被氧化物层覆盖，降低了它们的燃料价值和保质期。 如果减小金属颗粒尺寸以提高其反应性的想法达到了极限，那么人们可能会考虑合成一种混合化合物，其中金属原子直接结合到聚合物的骨架中。这项研究旨在开发创新的工艺和材料，以增加聚合物在高能材料领域的使用。作为更直接的目标，新的含能聚合物，金属纳米粒子和金属杂化含能聚合物上的聚合物钝化涂层的合成和开发将被考虑。 拟议的研究是对需要创新以应对当代挑战的聚合物技术部门的回答。更智能和可回收的安全气囊、基于金属纳米粉末的超高速推进系统、微型卫星的先进推进器、环境友好型高密度炸药都是潜在应用的例子。这项研究提供了机会，以增加我们的基础知识，高能聚合物反应工程，化学能从大分子和流变学释放和纳米粒子悬浮液在聚合物介质中的分散。