Novel energetic polymers and metal-hybrid compounds

新型含能聚合物和金属杂化化合物

• 批准号: 227469-2010
• 负责人: Dubois, Charles
• 金额: $ 3.93万
• 依托单位: École Polytechnique de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=546749
• 关键词: Novel; energetic; polymers; metal; hybrid

After the blooming of the information revolution, the turn of this new century has seen energy storage and release, security issues and access to space emerged as new preoccupations. Polymer based materials, such as plastics and composites, have an important role to play in the novel technologies that will be developed to address these concerns. Energetic polymers are not explosives materials per say, but they find use as binders or core components in solid propellants, explosives formulations, and gas generator compositions such as automotive airbags or other explosive actuated safety devices. The metal particles offer fuel potential that is several times the one available in liquid and gas fuels. Both of energetic polymers and metal nanoparticles will become key enablers of novel energetic materials. However, to realize this potential, important breakthrough are required. Safety issues slow down the development and scale-up of novel energetic polymers production process. Metal nanoparticles of interest, such as aluminum, boron and magnesium are rapidly covered by an oxide layer reducing their fuel value and shelf-life. If the idea of reducing the size of metal particles to increase their reactivity is push to its limit, one may think of synthesizing a hybrid compound where metal atoms are directly incorporated in the backbone of a polymer. This research is aimed at developing innovative processes and materials allowing for an increased use of polymers in the field of energetic materials. As more immediate objectives, the synthesis and development of new energetic polymers, polymer passivation coatings on metal nanoparticles and metal hybrids energetic polymers will be considered. The proposed research is an answer to a sector of polymer technology in needs of innovation to face contemporary challenges. Smarter and recyclable airbags, hypervelocity propulsion systems based on metal nanopowders, advanced thrusters for micro-satellites, environmentally friendly high density explosives are examples of potential applications. The research offer opportunities to increase our fundamental knowledge about energetic polymers reaction engineering, chemical energy release from macromolecules and rheology and dispersion of nanoparticles suspensions in polymers media.

信息革命蓬勃发展后，进入新世纪，能源储存与释放、安全问题和太空进入成为新的关注焦点。塑料和复合材料等聚合物基材料在解决这些问题的新技术中发挥着重要作用。含能聚合物本身并不是炸药材料，但它们可用作固体推进剂、炸药配方和气体发生器组合物（例如汽车安全气囊或其他爆炸驱动安全装置）中的粘合剂或核心成分。 金属颗粒提供的燃料潜力是液体和气体燃料的几倍。含能聚合物和金属纳米粒子都将成为新型含能材料的关键推动者。然而，要实现这一潜力，需要取得重大突破。安全问题减缓了新型含能聚合物生产工艺的开发和规模化。感兴趣的金属纳米粒子，如铝、硼和镁，很快就会被氧化层覆盖，从而降低了它们的燃料价值和保质期。 如果减小金属颗粒尺寸以提高其反应性的想法已达到极限，人们可能会考虑合成一种杂化化合物，其中金属原子直接掺入聚合物的主链中。这项研究旨在开发创新工艺和材料，以增加聚合物在高能材料领域的使用。作为更直接的目标，将考虑新型含能聚合物、金属纳米粒子上的聚合物钝化涂层和金属杂化含能聚合物的合成和开发。 拟议的研究是对需要创新以应对当代挑战的聚合物技术领域的回答。更智能和可回收的安全气囊、基于金属纳米粉末的超高速推进系统、先进的微型卫星推进器、环保的高密度炸药都是潜在应用的例子。该研究为增加我们对高能聚合物反应工程、大分子化学能释放以及流变学和聚合物介质中纳米颗粒悬浮液分散的基础知识提供了机会。