Novel energetic polymers and their blends

新型含能聚合物及其共混物

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-05147
• 负责人: Dubois, Charles
• 金额: $ 2.55万
• 依托单位: École Polytechnique de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=649647
• 关键词: Novel; energetic; polymers; their; blends

The turn of this new century has seen energy storage and release, security issues and access to space emerged as new preoccupations.   Polymer based materials have an important role to play in the novel technologies being developed to address these concerns. Energetic polymers are defined as polymers that produce a significant amount of energy during their short decomposition time, often owing to the presence of azide and nitro groups on their backbone. They are not explosives materials per say, but they find use as binders or core components in solid propellants, explosives formulations, and gas generator compositions for explosive actuated safety devices. Usually, energetic polymers are mixed with oxidizers and solid fuels to tailor their energy release process.  *** ***This continuing research program is aimed at developing innovative processes and materials allowing for an increased use of polymers in the field of energetic materials. Over a 5 to 7 years horizon, my objective is obtain novel polymer based energetic materials that can be safely processed and used with minimal environmental costs. About 30 years ago, energetic polymers have received a lot of attention from the development of a handful of now mature thermoset products that often contains azide groups. Most plastics or polymer-rich products are designed to meet specific mechanical and/or barrier properties. Energetic plastics and elastomers must, in addition, also reach satisfactorily combustion properties. These two criteria have so far been almost impossible to obtain in a single thermoplastic product, as the chemical composition that enhances the decomposition process of a polymer, such as the presence of nitro groups, is also detrimental to mechanical properties due to a reduced cristallinity. To break this paradigm, we propose to recall to polymer blends and complex multi-phase materials. This approach has been shown to be very successful in conventional plastics, where blending, alloys and core-shell technologies are now regularly employed. The objective of this program will be to develop novel energetic polymer blends for either thermoset or thermoplastic transformation processes. Our efforts will be deployed on two fronts: 1) the blends of existing energetic polymers and 2) the synthesis of new energetic polymers to enlarge the set of possible blends to investigate. A special attention will be given to polytetrazoles and polytriazoles as they can be produced using a "click chemistry" approach. The envisaged research will be driven with an emphasis on recyclability and reduced environmental footprint. It offers opportunities to increase our fundamental knowledge about multiphase energetic polymer blends.  Smart, safer and recyclable airbags, hypervelocity propulsion systems, advanced thrusters for micro-satellites, environmentally friendly high density explosive compositions are examples of potential applications. ********

进入新世纪，能源储存和释放、安全问题、空间进入问题成为新的热点。聚合物基材料在解决这些问题的新技术开发中发挥着重要作用。高能聚合物被定义为在其短分解时间内产生大量能量的聚合物，通常是由于在其主链上存在叠氮化物和硝基。它们不是炸药材料，但它们可以用作固体推进剂、炸药配方和爆炸驱动安全装置的气体发生器成分的粘合剂或核心部件。通常，高能聚合物与氧化剂和固体燃料混合，以调整其能量释放过程。这个持续的研究项目旨在开发创新的工艺和材料，以便在高能材料领域增加聚合物的使用。在5到7年的时间里，我的目标是获得一种新型的基于聚合物的能量材料，这种材料可以安全加工并以最小的环境成本使用。大约30年前，高能聚合物受到了大量的关注，从现在成熟的热固性产品的发展，往往含有叠氮化物基团。大多数塑料或富含聚合物的产品都是为了满足特定的机械和/或阻隔性能而设计的。此外，含能塑料和弹性体还必须达到令人满意的燃烧性能。到目前为止，这两个标准几乎不可能在单一热塑性塑料产品中获得，因为化学成分会增强聚合物的分解过程，例如硝基的存在，也会由于结晶度降低而对机械性能有害。为了打破这种模式，我们建议回顾聚合物共混物和复杂的多相材料。这种方法已被证明在传统塑料中非常成功，其中混合，合金和核壳技术现在经常使用。该计划的目标将是开发用于热固性或热塑性转化过程的新型高能聚合物混合物。我们的工作将集中在两个方面：1)现有高能聚合物的共混；2)合成新的高能聚合物，以扩大可研究的共混物的范围。将特别注意多四唑和多三唑，因为它们可以使用“点击化学”方法生产。设想的研究将以可回收性和减少环境足迹为重点。它提供了机会，以增加我们的多相高能聚合物共混的基本知识。智能、更安全、可回收的安全气囊、超高速推进系统、微型卫星的先进推进器、环保高密度炸药成分都是潜在应用的例子。＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊