Novel energetic polymers and their blends

新型含能聚合物及其共混物

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-05147
• 负责人: Dubois, Charles
• 金额: $ 2.55万
• 依托单位: École Polytechnique de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=649647
• 关键词: Novel; energetic; polymers; their; blends

The turn of this new century has seen energy storage and release, security issues and access to space emerged as new preoccupations.   Polymer based materials have an important role to play in the novel technologies being developed to address these concerns. Energetic polymers are defined as polymers that produce a significant amount of energy during their short decomposition time, often owing to the presence of azide and nitro groups on their backbone. They are not explosives materials per say, but they find use as binders or core components in solid propellants, explosives formulations, and gas generator compositions for explosive actuated safety devices. Usually, energetic polymers are mixed with oxidizers and solid fuels to tailor their energy release process.  *** ***This continuing research program is aimed at developing innovative processes and materials allowing for an increased use of polymers in the field of energetic materials. Over a 5 to 7 years horizon, my objective is obtain novel polymer based energetic materials that can be safely processed and used with minimal environmental costs. About 30 years ago, energetic polymers have received a lot of attention from the development of a handful of now mature thermoset products that often contains azide groups. Most plastics or polymer-rich products are designed to meet specific mechanical and/or barrier properties. Energetic plastics and elastomers must, in addition, also reach satisfactorily combustion properties. These two criteria have so far been almost impossible to obtain in a single thermoplastic product, as the chemical composition that enhances the decomposition process of a polymer, such as the presence of nitro groups, is also detrimental to mechanical properties due to a reduced cristallinity. To break this paradigm, we propose to recall to polymer blends and complex multi-phase materials. This approach has been shown to be very successful in conventional plastics, where blending, alloys and core-shell technologies are now regularly employed. The objective of this program will be to develop novel energetic polymer blends for either thermoset or thermoplastic transformation processes. Our efforts will be deployed on two fronts: 1) the blends of existing energetic polymers and 2) the synthesis of new energetic polymers to enlarge the set of possible blends to investigate. A special attention will be given to polytetrazoles and polytriazoles as they can be produced using a "click chemistry" approach. The envisaged research will be driven with an emphasis on recyclability and reduced environmental footprint. It offers opportunities to increase our fundamental knowledge about multiphase energetic polymer blends.  Smart, safer and recyclable airbags, hypervelocity propulsion systems, advanced thrusters for micro-satellites, environmentally friendly high density explosive compositions are examples of potential applications. ********

在这个新的世纪之交，能源储存和释放、安全问题和进入空间成为新的当务之急。 聚合物基材料在为解决这些问题而开发的新技术中发挥着重要作用。高能聚合物被定义为在其短的分解时间内产生大量能量的聚合物，通常是由于其主链上存在叠氮基和硝基。它们不是爆炸材料，但它们可用作固体推进剂、爆炸物制剂和爆炸致动安全装置的气体发生器组合物中的粘合剂或核心组分。通常，含能聚合物与氧化剂和固体燃料混合以定制其能量释放过程。 ** 这个持续的研究计划旨在开发创新的工艺和材料，以增加聚合物在高能材料领域的使用。在5到7年的时间里，我的目标是获得新的聚合物基高能材料，这些材料可以安全地加工和使用，环境成本最低。大约30年前，高能聚合物受到了大量关注，因为开发了一些现在成熟的热固性产品，这些产品通常含有叠氮基团。 大多数塑料或富含聚合物的产品都是为了满足特定的机械和/或阻隔性能而设计的。此外，高能塑料和弹性体还必须达到令人满意的燃烧性能。迄今为止，这两个标准几乎不可能在单一热塑性产品中获得，因为增强聚合物分解过程的化学组成，例如硝基的存在，也由于降低的结晶度而对机械性能有害。 为了打破这种模式，我们建议召回聚合物共混物和复杂的多相材料。这种方法已被证明是非常成功的传统塑料，其中共混，合金和核壳技术，现在经常采用。该计划的目标是开发用于热固性或热塑性转化过程的新型高能聚合物共混物。我们的努力将部署在两个方面：1）现有含能聚合物的共混物和2）新的含能聚合物的合成，以扩大可能的共混物的研究范围。将特别关注聚四唑和聚三唑，因为它们可以使用“点击化学”方法生产。设想的研究将以可回收性和减少环境足迹为重点。它提供了机会，以增加我们的基础知识，多相含能聚合物共混物。智能，更安全和可回收的气囊，超高速推进系统，先进的微型卫星推进器，环境友好的高密度炸药组合物的潜在应用的例子。********