Cellular mechanisms for the export of specialized plant cell wall components

特殊植物细胞壁成分输出的细胞机制

• 批准号: 229548-2008
• 负责人: Samuels, Lacey
• 金额: $ 3.36万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=514342
• 关键词: Cellular; mechanisms; export; specialized; plant

All plant growth, including agricultural and forestry production, requires cell wall synthesis. Plant cells are wall-synthesizing factories, and plant growth and development depends on delivery of cell wall components at the appropriate location and rate. Despite its critical importance, there is a major gap in our understanding of cell wall biosynthesis: how are cell wall components that are made inside the cell exported to the outside of the cell to build a functional wall? While every cell in a plant is surrounded by a polysaccharide cell wall, there are also regions of the cell wall with specialized function. For example, the primary plant surface is coated with a lipidic cell wall layer called the cuticle that protects the plant from water loss, insects and pathogens. Another important type of specialized cell walls are lignified walls in vascular tissue, such as wood, where lignin makes the wall strong and waterproof.

所有植物生长，包括农业和林业生产，都需要细胞壁的合成。 植物细胞是细胞壁合成工厂，植物的生长和发育取决于细胞壁成分在适当位置和速率的输送。 尽管细胞壁生物合成至关重要，但我们对细胞壁生物合成的理解仍存在重大差距：细胞内部产生的细胞壁成分如何输出到细胞外部以构建功能性细胞壁？ 虽然植物中的每个细胞都被多糖细胞壁包围，但细胞壁也有具有特殊功能的区域。 例如，植物的初级表面覆盖着一层称为角质层的脂质细胞壁层，可以保护植物免受水分流失、昆虫和病原体的侵害。 另一种重要类型的特殊细胞壁是维管组织（例如木材）中的木质化细胞壁，其中木质素使细胞壁坚固且防水。