Spectroscopic studies of molecular ions and radicals in the low frequency regime

尽管分子离子和自由基的寿命很短，但它们在燃烧、半导体制造和聚合等众多化学过程中都具有重要的作用。尽管它们推动了这些环境中的化学作用，但它们的性质还没有得到很好的表征。更全面地了解孤立的活性中间体的性质是探索它们与其他分子的相互作用以及它们在化学反应中的作用的第一步。因此，分子离子和自由基的准确表征对我们理解具有重要经济意义的过程，如内燃机，对全球有影响的过程，如污染控制，以及更大规模的过程，如那些负责宇宙演化的过程都有影响。

Despite their short lifetimes, molecular ions and radicals are of great importance in numerous chemical processes such as combustion, semiconductor fabrication and polymerization. Although they drive the chemistry in these environments, their properties are not well characterized. A more complete understanding of the nature of isolated reactive intermediates is a first step for exploring their interactions with other molecules and their roles in chemical reactions. Thus, the accurate characterization of molecular ions and radicals has implications to our understanding of processes of economic importance such as combustion engines, to processes with global impact such as pollution control and to even larger scale processes such as those responsible for the evolution of the Universe.