Spectroscopic speciation of selenium in the environment

环境中硒的光谱形态

• 批准号: 283255-2010
• 负责人: Pickering, Ingrid
• 金额: $ 3.64万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=525653
• 关键词: Spectroscopic; speciation; selenium; environment

Selenium is essential in trace amounts in the diet to maintain the health of humans and other animals. Selenium is required for many essential enzymes and has been shown to provide protection against cancer. Selenium also has important interactions with several elements of concern, including arsenic, mercury and cadmium, in many cases reducing their toxicity. Canada's prairie soils are rich in selenium, yielding valuable selenium-fortified crops. However, the difference in dietary levels between "sufficient" and "excess" selenium is perhaps smaller than for any other element. Relatively low levels of selenium in the environment can bioaccumulate within an ecosystem, causing defects especially in birds and fish. There is growing concern in Canada over elevated selenium in the environment, especially associated with mining activities. Selenium in the environment is thus both an asset and a liability for Canada. When high soil selenium leads to crops rich in selenium, this may increase their nutritional benefit and hence their value for export to regions with low selenium status. However, elevated selenium in mining impacted areas may threaten our pristine northern environments, causing problems especially in fish and birds. Both aspects of selenium have significant economic consequence for Canada.

饮食中的微量硒对于维持人类和其他动物的健康至关重要。硒是许多必需酶所必需的，并且已被证明可以预防癌症。硒还与砷、汞和镉等多种令人关注的元素有重要的相互作用，在许多情况下可以降低它们的毒性。加拿大的草原土壤富含硒，可产出有价值的硒强化作物。然而，膳食中“充足”和“过量”硒之间的差异可能比任何其他元素都要小。环境中相对较低含量的硒会在生态系统内生物富集，导致缺陷，尤其是鸟类和鱼类。加拿大越来越担心环境中硒含量升高，特别是与采矿活动相关的硒含量升高。因此，环境中的硒对加拿大来说既是资产也是负债。当土壤硒含量高导致农作物富含硒时，这可能会增加其营养价值，从而提高其向硒含量低的地区的出口价值。然而，受采矿影响的地区硒含量升高可能会威胁到我们北部的原始环境，特别是对鱼类和鸟类造成问题。硒的两个方面都对加拿大产生重大的经济影响。