Theoretical and Empirical Approaches to Understanding Evolutionary and Ecological Drivers of Parasite Invasion, Establishment, and Range Expansion in the Arctic

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Rapid climate warming has resulted in altered parasite transmission dynamics, parasite invasions, and disease emergence in Arctic ecosystems. Climate change is also having substantial impacts on the ecology and phenology of northern vertebrates and leading to range expansion of southern hosts and their pathogens. Together, these phenomena are dramatically altering Arctic host-parasite dynamics and are expected to result in a 'biodiversity paradox' - a net biodiversity increase coupled with extinctions of endemic arctic species that are unable to adapt rapidly enough. The strong climate signal in the Arctic, its low biodiversity, minimal landscape change, and absence of anthropogenic barriers to parasite expansions, makes it arguably the key model for understanding the effects of climate change on host-parasite interactions.