Modification of hydro-geotechnical properties of tailings for optimization of high density deposition

修改尾矿水文土工特性以优化高密度沉积

• 批准号: 326991-2011
• 负责人: Simms, Paul
• 金额: $ 1.97万
• 依托单位: Carleton University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=526778
• 关键词: Modification; hydro; geotechnical; properties; tailings

Base metal, precious metal, aluminum, and surface mining of bitumen all generate substantial volumes of tailings: fine particulate suspensions in water originating from either the grinding of host rock during milling or from soil in excavated overburden. Base and precious metal mining alone typically generates 200-500 million cubic metres per year of tailings in Canada, over 20 times the generation of rate of municipal solid waste, and likely to increase with growing mine development opening up in Canada's North. Typical footprints of these facilities are in the order of several square kilometres, with dams in excess of 200 m high. Oil sands tailings ponds are some of the few manmade structures visible from space. Major impacts associated with tailings are irrecoverable and / or polluted water lost to the tailings-water matrix, the risk of catastrophic failure (occurring as recently as the red mud tailings disaster in Hungary on Oct. 4th 2010) and consequent environmental and economic devastation, and the difficulty in dewatering slurry tailings to generate the strength necessary for reclamation.

贱金属、贵金属、铝和沥青的露天开采都会产生大量的尾矿：水中的细颗粒悬浮物，来源于碾磨过程中对主岩的研磨或挖掘覆盖层中的土壤。在加拿大，仅贱金属和贵金属开采每年通常就产生2亿至5亿立方米的尾矿，是城市固体废物产生率的20倍以上，而且随着加拿大北部不断扩大的矿山开发开放，这种尾矿还可能增加。这些设施的典型占地面积约为几平方公里，水坝高度超过200米。油砂尾矿池是从太空中可见的少数人造结构之一。与尾矿相关的主要影响是不可回收和/或被污染的水流失到尾矿水基质中，灾难性故障的风险（最近发生在2010年10月4日匈牙利的赤泥尾矿灾难）以及随之而来的环境和经济破坏，以及难以对浆状尾矿进行脱水以产生复垦所需的强度。