"Ecosystem disturbances, interactions, and landscape resilience"

“生态系统干扰、相互作用和景观恢复力”

• 批准号: 418376-2012
• 负责人: Krawchuk, Meg
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: Simon Fraser University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=531138
• 关键词: Ecosystem; disturbances; interactions; landscape; resilience

Ecological disturbances play a significant role in community and ecosystem ecology by re-setting the stage on which plant and animal communities assemble. Vegetation fires and insect outbreaks are natural ecological disturbances that, along with anthropogenic disturbance from forest harvesting, contribute to forest structure and function across British Columbia (BC). The causes and effects of these disturbances are typically studied independently however a recent mountain pine beetle insect epidemic of unprecedented extent raises important questions about how disturbances regulate one another and the ecological outcome generated by multiple disturbances that occur in quick succession. The long-term objective of this research program is to develop a model framework to test hypotheses about interactions of ecological disturbances in northern forest regions of BC as a cornerstone to understanding resilience of these ecosystems in the context of changing climate. The research program has four objectives: 1. develop models of spatially varying constraints of mountain pine beetle outbreak across BC; 2. test the resilience of northern lodgepole pine forest communities to compound disturbances generated by mountain pine beetle and followed by fire; 3. determine whether mountain pine beetle outbreaks affect spatial patterns of burning by wildfire; and 4. examine the relationship between fire weather and fire climate, as a step toward improving our ability to model past and future fire activity.

生态扰动通过重新设置植物和动物群落聚集的阶段，在群落和生态系统生态学中发挥着重要作用。植被火灾和昆虫爆发是自然生态干扰，加上森林采伐造成的人为干扰，影响了不列颠哥伦比亚省 (BC) 的森林结构和功能。这些干扰的原因和影响通常是独立研究的，然而最近一场前所未有的山松甲虫昆虫流行引发了关于干扰如何相互调节以及快速连续发生的多种干扰所产生的生态结果的重要问题。该研究计划的长期目标是开发一个模型框架来测试有关不列颠哥伦比亚省北部森林地区生态干扰相互作用的假设，作为了解这些生态系统在气候变化背景下的恢复能力的基石。该研究计划有四个目标： 1. 开发 BC 省山松甲虫爆发的空间变化限制模型； 2. 测试北部黑松森林群落对山松甲虫和火灾造成的复合干扰的恢复能力； 3. 确定山松甲虫的爆发是否影响野火燃烧的空间格局； 4. 研究火灾天气和火灾气候之间的关系，作为提高我们模拟过去和未来火灾活动能力的一步。