"Ecosystem disturbances, interactions, and landscape resilience"

“生态系统干扰、相互作用和景观恢复力”

• 批准号: 418376-2012
• 负责人: Krawchuk, Meg
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: Simon Fraser University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=573622
• 关键词: Ecosystem; disturbances; interactions; landscape; resilience

Ecological disturbances play a significant role in community and ecosystem ecology by re-setting the stage on which plant and animal communities assemble. Vegetation fires and insect outbreaks are natural ecological disturbances that, along with anthropogenic disturbance from forest harvesting, contribute to forest structure and function across British Columbia (BC). The causes and effects of these disturbances are typically studied independently however a recent mountain pine beetle insect epidemic of unprecedented extent raises important questions about how disturbances regulate one another and the ecological outcome generated by multiple disturbances that occur in quick succession. The long-term objective of this research program is to develop a model framework to test hypotheses about interactions of ecological disturbances in northern forest regions of BC as a cornerstone to understanding resilience of these ecosystems in the context of changing climate. The research program has four objectives: 1. develop models of spatially varying constraints of mountain pine beetle outbreak across BC; 2. test the resilience of northern lodgepole pine forest communities to compound disturbances generated by mountain pine beetle and followed by fire; 3. determine whether mountain pine beetle outbreaks affect spatial patterns of burning by wildfire; and 4. examine the relationship between fire weather and fire climate, as a step toward improving our ability to model past and future fire activity. This research program contributes to understanding ecosystem structure and function of northern forests through a lens of underlying factors driving the geography of disturbances, how disturbances interact, the role of climate, and whether the outcome of disturbance interactions might result in vegetation communities notably different from those we've seen before. These themes are critical in understanding the long-term resilience of BCs forested ecosystems and its forest-based economy in the context of local, regional, and global change.

生态干扰通过改变植物和动物群落的聚集状态，在群落和生态系统生态学中发挥着重要作用。植被火灾和昆虫爆发是自然生态干扰，沿着森林采伐的人为干扰，对整个不列颠哥伦比亚省（BC）的森林结构和功能做出了贡献。这些干扰的原因和影响通常是独立的研究，但最近的山松甲虫昆虫流行的前所未有的程度提出了重要的问题，干扰如何相互调节和生态结果所产生的多个干扰，发生在快速连续。该研究计划的长期目标是开发一个模型框架，以测试关于BC北方森林地区生态干扰相互作用的假设，作为了解这些生态系统在气候变化背景下的恢复力的基石。本研究计划有四个目标：1。开发模型的空间变化的限制山地松甲虫爆发整个BC; 2.测试了北方黑松林群落对由山松甲虫产生的复合干扰和随后的火灾的恢复力; 3.确定山松甲虫爆发是否影响野火燃烧的空间格局;和4.研究火灾天气和火灾气候之间的关系，作为提高我们模拟过去和未来火灾活动能力的一步。 这项研究计划有助于了解生态系统的结构和功能的北方森林通过一个透镜的基本因素驱动的干扰，干扰如何相互作用，气候的作用，以及干扰相互作用的结果是否可能导致植被群落显着不同于我们以前看到的。这些主题对于理解不列颠哥伦比亚森林生态系统及其基于森林的经济在地方、区域和全球变化背景下的长期复原力至关重要。