Causes, consequences and maintenance of niche variation in systems with humans and other predators

人类和其他捕食者系统中生态位变化的原因、后果和维持

• 批准号: 435683-2013
• 负责人: Darimont, Christopher
• 金额: $ 2.26万
• 依托单位: University of Victoria
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=533286
• 关键词: Causes; consequences; maintenance; niche; variation

All living organisms, including humans, are united by their use of resources from a common environment. As a result of competition with other species, however, each species occupies its own niche (or specific set of resources). Whereas understanding how and why niches vary among species has dominated related research for decades, emerging work is now showing variation in niche at levels of organization within species. Different populations, and even different individuals within population, can carve out their own set of resources. This has enormous implications to the evolutionary environments these organisms face, and consequently how they look, behave and interact with other living things. What is less certain is what processes can shape, re-shape and maintain this variation in niche, which is a critical component of biodiversity.

所有活着的有机体，包括人类，都因使用来自共同环境的资源而团结在一起。然而，由于与其他物种的竞争，每个物种都占据着自己的生态位(或特定的一组资源)。虽然几十年来，对物种间生态位如何以及为什么不同的了解一直主导着相关研究，但新兴的工作现在显示出物种内组织水平上的生态位差异。不同的种群，甚至种群中的不同个体，都可以开拓出自己的一套资源。这对这些生物体面临的进化环境有着巨大的影响，从而影响到它们的外观、行为以及与其他生物的相互作用。不太确定的是，什么样的过程可以塑造、重塑和维持生态位的这种变化，这是生物多样性的关键组成部分。