Biotelemetry System: Infrastructure for assessing disease transmission in wildlife

生物遥测系统：评估野生动物疾病传播的基础设施

• 批准号: 458581-2014
• 负责人: Merrill, Evelyn
• 金额: $ 10.93万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Research Tools and Instruments - Category 1 (<$150,000)
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=541976
• 关键词: Biotelemetry; System; Infrastructure; assessing; disease

The growing human population and associated global habitat fragmentation has increased the transmission of infectious disease from wildlife to domestic animals and humans. An emerging "One World, One Health" paradigm emphasizes that the health of humans, animals, and the environment must be treated as one inseparable whole--yet wildlife health and its link to humans remains the weakest part of our understanding of the system. There is a strong need for research on the factors governing the transmission of diseases among wildlife. Over a decade satellite-based telemetry collars have been used to track movement of large mammals over broad spatial and temporal scales, providing critical, new information to guide governmental agencies. Application to infectious disease spread in wildlife places new demands on equipment for tracking how individual animals interact at fine scales because disease transmission is from animal-to-animal and from sources in the environment. New technologies for telemetry and remote viewing are now making it possible to address these key questions about wildlife disease transmission for the first time. We are requesting funding for infrastructure at the cutting edge of these technologies that allow us to track the actual, intimate contacts (< 1 m) between individual animals. The infrastructure will be used on mule deer in eastern Alberta, one of the only two provinces in Canada where Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD), a 100% fatal prion disease related to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle, is now marching across the landscape. Vaccines for CWD are not likely feasible in the near future and harvest management is considered the best, long-term strategy for disease control method even if vaccines become available. The information from these collars is needed to model direct contact rates as part of a long-term harvest management experiment conducted by Alberta Fish and Wildlife for assessing two alternative harvest strategies focused on deer social groups that may be the key drivers in the CWD transmission. The research will lead to science-based management for controlling CWD transmission as part of Canada's National Strategy.

人口不断增长以及相关的全球栖息地破碎化增加了传染病从野生动物到家畜和人类的传播。一个新兴的“同一个世界，同一个健康”范式强调，人类、动物和环境的健康必须作为一个不可分割的整体来对待，但野生动物的健康及其与人类的联系仍然是我们对这一系统理解中最薄弱的部分。迫切需要对野生动物之间疾病传播的控制因素进行研究。10多年来，卫星遥测项圈一直被用于在广泛的空间和时间尺度上跟踪大型哺乳动物的活动，为指导政府机构提供了重要的新信息。 应用于野生动物中的传染病传播对设备提出了新的要求，用于跟踪个体动物如何在精细尺度上相互作用，因为疾病传播是从动物到动物和从环境中的来源。遥感勘测和远程观察的新技术现在首次使解决有关野生动物疾病传播的这些关键问题成为可能。我们正在申请资金用于这些技术的基础设施，使我们能够跟踪个体动物之间的实际亲密接触（< 1 m）。该基础设施将用于阿尔伯塔东部的黑尾鹿，这是加拿大仅有的两个省之一，慢性消耗病（CWD）是一种与牛海绵状脑病（BSE）有关的100%致命的朊病毒疾病，目前正在整个景观中蔓延。 慢性消耗病的疫苗在不久的将来不太可能可行，即使疫苗可用，收获管理也被认为是疾病控制方法的最佳长期战略。 从这些衣领的信息是需要直接接触率模型的一部分，长期收获管理实验进行的阿尔伯塔鱼类和野生动物评估两种替代收获策略集中在鹿的社会群体，可能是关键的驱动程序在慢性消耗病的传播。这项研究将导致以科学为基础的管理，以控制慢性消耗病的传播，作为加拿大国家战略的一部分。