New insights from new molecular data: dispersal, hybridization and speciation

新分子数据的新见解：分散、杂交和物种形成

• 批准号: 238377-2010
• 负责人: Fu, Jinzhong
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=546973
• 关键词: New; insights; new; molecular; data

My research aims to understand evolutionary patterns and the processes that produce them in natural populations. In the next five years, I will focus on three processes that occur at the boundary between population and species. 1) Sex-biased dispersal. Males likely disperse more than females do in a polygyny mating system while females likely disperse more in a monogamy system. These general rules were primarily derived from mammals and birds (warm-blooded with extensive parental care) and may not be applicable to the majority animal species (cold blooded with minor parental care). We will use newly developed population genetic methods indirectly examine lizard dispersal patterns, and thus test the old and likely generate new widely applicable theories. 2) Budding speciation. Speciation produces new species and the concept "budding speciation" challenges the commonly used "monophyly criterion" in species delineation. Using widespread anuran species as model systems, we will test the occurrence frequency of budding speciation and potential isolation machnisms. With the accumulation of empirical data, we will also establish a model for budding speciation. 3) Historical inter-specific hybridization and the uncoupling of nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Some inter-specific hybridization may result in the mitochondrial genome of one species being replaced by another while the nuclear genome remains intact. Such replacements may break down the co-adaptation between the two genomes. Using protein structure modeling, we will examine the consequence of such cyto-nuclear uncoupling.

我的研究旨在了解进化模式和在自然种群中产生它们的过程。在接下来的五年里，我将重点关注发生在种群和物种之间边界的三个过程。1)有性别偏见的扩散。在一夫多妻制中，男性可能比女性分散得更多，而在一夫一妻制中，女性可能分散得更多。这些一般规则主要来自哺乳动物和鸟类（有大量父母照顾的温血动物），可能不适用于大多数动物物种（有少量父母照顾的冷血动物）。我们将使用新开发的种群遗传学方法间接研究蜥蜴的扩散模式，从而测试旧的和可能产生新的广泛适用的理论。2)萌芽的物种形成。物种形成产生新的物种，“萌芽物种形成”的概念挑战了物种划分中常用的“单系标准”。利用广泛分布的无尾类物种作为模式系统，我们将测试萌芽物种形成的发生频率和潜在的隔离机制。随着经验数据的积累，我们还将建立萌芽形态形成的模型。3)种间杂交的历史和核与线粒体基因组的解偶联。一些种间杂交可能导致一个物种的线粒体基因组被另一个物种取代，而核基因组保持完整。这种替换可能会破坏两个基因组之间的共同适应。使用蛋白质结构建模，我们将研究这种细胞核解偶联的后果。