Comprehensive Investigation of Ultra-Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions at RHIC and the LHC

RHIC 和 LHC 超相对论重离子碰撞的综合研究

• 批准号: 238527-2013
• 负责人: Jeon, Sangyong
• 金额: $ 5.46万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Subatomic Physics Envelope - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=547020
• 关键词: Comprehensive; Investigation; Ultra; Relativistic; Heavy

In normal nuclear matter, quarks and gluons which constitute protons and neutrons, are permanently confined inside the hadrons. When temperature reaches trillions of kelvin, this is no longer true. At these extremely high temperatures, space is so packed with thermally produced hadrons that an individual hadron can no longer maintain the integrity of its confinement. In effect, ordinary nuclear matter "melts'' and releases the quarks and gluons. The liberated quarks and gluons then form a new state of matter called the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). This extreme state of matter existed in nature only about a microsecond after the Big-Bang.

在正常的核物质中，构成质子和中子的夸克和胶子永远被限制在强子中。当温度达到数万亿开尔文时，这就不成立了。在这些极高的温度下，空间中充满了热产生的强子，以至于单个强子无法再保持其约束的完整性。实际上，普通的核物质“融化”并释放出夸克和胶子。释放出来的夸克和胶子形成一种新的物质状态，称为夸克-胶子等离子体（QGP）。这种物质的极端状态在宇宙大爆炸后仅存在一微秒。