Mass and energy exchange between land surfaces and the atmosphere in central Canadian ecosystems

加拿大中部生态系统地表和大气之间的质量和能量交换

• 批准号: 311562-2011
• 负责人: Amiro, Brian
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=548449
• 关键词: Mass; energy; exchange; between; land

Potential responses to climate change include alteration of landscape management to either decrease emissions or increase sinks of greenhouse gases. This research aims to evaluate the effects of some of these management options through measurement of the net flux of greenhouse gases using micrometeorological techniques at the field scale. The program includes both forested and agricultural landscapes of central Canada (focusing on Manitoba and Saskatchewan), with special attention to vegetation changes and disturbances, such as fire. The activities include a rigorous evaluation of the statistical and spatial representativeness of using eddy covariance flux towers to measure net fluxes when comparing different management treatments. This is important to the global measurement community to justify lack of replication and to gain confidence in our ability to inform policy decisions on landscape management choices. Another activity is the measurement of carbon dynamics of boreal forests, especially related to fire. This work builds on data sets that have been collected from flux towers in northern Manitoba and central Saskatchewan to answer global hypotheses related to the role of mature forests in net carbon exchange, and the effects of fire on the carbon cycle. In particular, the data sets will provide the length of time required for forests to recover from combustion emissions but uncertainty must be evaluated if these data are to be used to validate mathematical models. A third activity is the measurement of the effect of agricultural land management practices on greenhouse gas exchange. This involves changes to cropping practices where land is converted from perennial to annual crops, or from annual to perennial crops. The exchange of carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide both need to be considered, and will be measured at several locations. The program focuses on high-quality training of students so that they learn measurement and analysis techniques related to practical global and local questions to improve our understanding of the role of the landscape on greenhouse gas and energy exchange.

对气候变化的潜在反应包括改变景观管理以减少排放或增加温室气体的水槽。 这项研究旨在通过使用田间尺度的微气流技术测量温室气体的净磁通量来评估其中一些管理方案的影响。 该计划包括加拿大中部的森林和农业景观（侧重于曼尼托巴省和萨斯喀彻温省），特别注意植被的变化和骚乱，例如火灾。这些活动包括对使用涡流协方差塔塔在比较不同的管理处理时测量净通量的统计和空间代表性的严格评估。 这对于全球测量社区很重要，以证明缺乏复制并获得我们对景观管理选择的政策决策的能力的信心。 另一个活动是测量北方森林的碳动态，尤其是与火有关。 这项工作建立在从曼尼托巴省北部和萨斯喀彻温省中部收集的数据集，以回答与成熟森林在净碳交换中的作用以及火对碳周期的影响有关的全球假设。 特别是，数据集将提供森林从燃烧排放中恢复所需的时间长度，但是如果要使用这些数据来验证数学模型，则必须评估不确定性。 第三个活动是测量农业土地管理实践对温室气体交换的影响。 这涉及改变土地从多年生作物转化为年度农作物或从年度农作物转化为多年生作物的修改。 需要考虑二氧化碳和一氧化二氮的交换，并且将在几个位置进行测量。 该计划的重点是对学生的高质量培训，以便他们学习与实用的全球和本地问题相关的测量和分析技术，以提高我们对景观在温室气体和能源交换中的作用的理解。