Influence of hydrography and microbial processes on the cycling of sea ice-associated material in the Arctic

水文学和微生物过程对北极海冰相关物质循环的影响

• 批准号: 327416-2013
• 负责人: Michel, Christine
• 金额: $ 1.57万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=549080
• 关键词: Influence; hydrography; microbial; processes; cycling

The Arctic Ocean is experiencing rapid changes including sea ice decline, increase in temperature and stratification, and redistribution of water masses. These changes fundamentally impact ecological processes that, in turn, influence the biogeochemical cycling of carbon and materials. Of significance, changes in microbial community structure and increases in bacterial respiration influence export fluxes and the CO2 uptake capacity of the Arctic Ocean. The rapid decrease in multi-year ice, with a new record minimum in 2012, also reaffirms the urgency to better understand the role of multi-year versus first-year sea ice in the cycling of carbon and materials in the Arctic. Increased microbial activity is anticipated in a warmer Arctic and concomittantly, a shift from multi-year to first-year ice is expected to modify the distribution and composition of organic material available for microbial communities. This study is interested in better understanding the factors that influence the productivity and composition of sea ice-associated communities and thereby impact carbon and elemental cycling in the Arctic Ocean. The general objectives of this study are to: 1) evaluate the influence of hydrographic conditions on the regional abundance, composition, and activity of Arctic sea ice and underice microbial communities; 2) determine the role of microbial processes and community structure on sea ice-associated elemental cycling and export. This research will contribute to better understanding changes in microbial communities in response to Arctic changes, which is essential to further our predictive understanding of the global carbon cycle.

北冰洋正在经历快速变化，包括海冰减少、温度和层化增加以及水团重新分布。这些变化从根本上影响生态过程，而生态过程反过来又影响碳和材料的生物地球化学循环。重要的是，微生物群落结构的变化和细菌呼吸的增加影响了北冰洋的出口通量和二氧化碳吸收能力。多年冰的迅速减少--2012年达到创纪录的最低值--也再次表明，迫切需要更好地了解多年海冰与第一年海冰在北极碳和物质循环中的作用。在变暖的北极，微生物活动预计会增加，同时，多年冰向第一年冰的转变预计将改变可供微生物群落使用的有机物质的分布和组成。这项研究的目的是更好地了解影响与海冰有关的群落的生产力和组成从而影响北冰洋碳和元素循环的因素。这项研究的总体目标是：1)评估水文条件对北极海冰和冰下微生物群落丰度、组成和活动的影响；2)确定微生物过程和群落结构对与海冰相关的元素循环和输出的作用。这项研究将有助于更好地了解微生物群落对北极变化的响应，这对于促进我们对全球碳循环的预测性理解至关重要。