Fundamental symmetry tests with the francium laser trap facility at ISAC

使用 ISAC 的钫激光陷阱设施进行基本对称性测试

• 批准号: 372476-2012
• 负责人: Gwinner, Gerald
• 金额: $ 10.56万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Subatomic Physics Envelope - Project
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=550179
• 关键词: Fundamental; symmetry; tests; francium; laser

The fundamental forces of nature are one of the fascinating subjects that can be studied at ISAC, Canada's radioactive beam facility at TRIUMF. In particular, the weak force, causing the beta-decay of nuclei, is unique in exhibiting the phenomenon of parity-violation: the mirror images of physical processes mediated by the weak force are not observed in nature. ISAC offers a unique possibility to study atomic parity-violation in francium (Fr), an element combining a very heavy nucleus (Z=87) with the simple, essentially hydrogenlike, valence structure of an alkali. Fr nuclei are the least stable among the first 103 elements in the periodic table, the longest-lived isotope decays in only 23 minutes. To make optimum use of the minute sample, the Fr atoms will be slowed down with laser light and captured into a `magneto-optical' laser trap, suspended in free space at temperatures millions of times colder than room temperature. We have established a francium trapping facility at ISAC; in collaboration with researchers from the United States and Mexico, we will then use this francium source to carry out a series precision experiments using laser and microwave spectroscopy. First we will measure what is known as the hyperfine anomaly in a string of francium isotopes, giving us insight into the distribution of the nuclear magnetic moment within the nucleus. Another goal is to study parity-violating nucleon-nucleon interactions in francium by observing the nuclear anapole moments in a chain of francium isotopes; to date, only measurements in two single isotopes of cesium and thallium have been performed, and more data is crucial for a better understanding of hadronic parity violation in nuclear matter. Ultimately, we want to search for `new' physics outside the - so far very successful - Standard Model of particle physics by measuring nuclear-spin independent atomic parity-violation in francium.

自然界的基本力量是可以在triumf的加拿大放射性横梁设施ISAC研究的引人入胜的主题之一。特别是，造成核的β-末期的弱力在表现出平等竞选现象时是独一无二的：在自然界中未观察到由弱力介导的物理过程的镜像。 ISAC提供了研究Francium（FR）的原子均衡性侵略的独特可能性，该元素将非常沉重的核（Z = 87）与碱的简单，基本类似氢的，价结构结合在一起。 FR核是周期表中前103个元素中最不稳定的核，这是寿命最长的同位素衰变，仅在23分钟内。为了获得微小样品的最佳使用，FR原子将用激光光放慢速度，并将其捕获到“磁光”激光陷阱中，在温度低于室温的温度百万倍时悬浮在自由空间中。我们已经在ISAC建立了一个Francium捕获设施。然后，我们将与美国和墨西哥的研究人员合作，然后使用此法兰源使用激光和微波光谱进行系列精确实验。首先，我们将测量一连串的同位素同位素中所谓的超细异常，使我们深入了解核内核磁矩的分布。另一个目标是通过观察一系列法兰西同位素链中的核无吻合力矩来研究法兰克的平均侵入核子核子相互作用。迄今为止，仅进行了两个单一同位素和tallium的同位素的测量，并且更多的数据对于更好地理解核物质中的抗耐药性均匀差异至关重要。最终，我们希望通过测量法兰克（Francium）的核旋转独立原子差异化来搜索粒子物理学的标准物理标准模型之外的“新”物理学。