Effects of Non-homogeneously Distributed Roughness on Turbulent Pipe Flow

非均匀分布粗糙度对湍流管流的影响

• 批准号: 435747-2012
• 负责人: Pollard, Andrew
• 金额: $ 2.52万
• 依托单位: Queen's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=552863
• 关键词: Effects; Non; homogeneously; Distributed; Roughness

This proposal addresses a problem of critical importance to the hydroelectric power industry: to provide for the first time pressure drop data for non-homogeneously distributed roughness elements. These data are important as current data for roughness elements in pipes are restricted to uniform sand-grain type roughness or for roughness that is uniformly but sparsely distributed on a surface. Hydro Quebec have noted that in many of their hydro-electric penstock operations, that over a thirty year time frame, non-uniformly spaced and non-homogeneously distributed roughness elements are formed that gives rise to a drop in head (pressure) that translates into lowered electricity production with the concomitant loss of millions of dollars in revenue. This project will support the training of one M.A.Sc. student over two years and one Ph.D. student over four years, who will carry out a careful set of experiments to quantify these losses and to derive correlations that describe the effects of non-uniform roughness on skin friction (pressure loss) from which Hydro Quebec will then be in a better position to assess when to perform penstock cleaning. The data generated will fill a glaring gap in our knowledge on the effects of non-uniformly spaced and non-homogeneously distributed roughness elements. These data will be new to the scientific community and will generate numerous archival publications. These data, while of critical importance to Hydro Quebec will be communicated to other hydro-electricity generators in Canada through the scientific literature, and thereby will help improve Canada's overall hydro-electricity production efficiency as well as to provide critical information for scheduling penstock maintenance to achieve maximum benefit-to-cost.

该提案解决了对水力发电行业至关重要的问题：首次提供非均匀分布的粗糙度元素的压降数据。这些数据很重要，因为管道中粗糙度元素的当前数据仅限于均匀的沙粒类型粗糙度或表面上均匀但稀疏分布的粗糙度。魁北克水电公司指出，在他们的许多水力发电压力管道运营中，在三十多年的时间范围内，形成了不均匀间隔和不均匀分布的粗糙度元素，导致水头（压力）下降，从而导致发电量下降，并随之损失数百万美元的收入。 该项目将支持一名硕士学位的培训。两年以上的学生和一名博士学位。为期四年的学生，他们将进行一系列仔细的实验​​来量化这些损失，并得出描述不均匀粗糙度对表面摩擦（压力损失）影响的相关性，然后魁北克水电公司将能够更好地评估何时进行压力管道清洁。生成的数据将填补我们关于非均匀间隔和非均匀分布的粗糙度元素影响的知识中的一个明显空白。这些数据对于科学界来说将是新的，并将产生大量的档案出版物。这些数据对于魁北克水电公司至关重要，将通过科学文献传达给加拿大的其他水力发电商，从而有助于提高加拿大的整体水力发电生产效率，并为安排压力管道维护提供关键信息，以实现最大的成本效益。