A novel paradigm of metabolic regulation: acute and chronic redox-circuitry control of energy homeostasis

代谢调节的新范式：能量稳态的急性和慢性氧化还原电路控制

• 批准号: 436138-2013
• 负责人: Perry, Christopher
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: York University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=553000
• 关键词: novel; paradigm; metabolic; regulation; acute

Skeletal muscle contraction requires an enormous amount of energy which is supplied mainly through carbohydrates and fats in our diet. Most of this energy is released in special organelles within muscle cells known as mitochondria which break down carbohydrates and fats through specific enzyme pathways. These enzymes must be activated rapidly during contraction. Traditional explanations for enzyme activation include the addition of high-energy molecules, such as phosphates (phosphorylation) to specific sites on enzymes (covalent regulation) or small compounds generated during contraction, such as metabolites, to other sites (allosteric regulation). However, there is evidence for a third form of regulating enzymes which has not been examined in detail with regards to skeletal muscle metabolism: redox signalling.

骨骼肌收缩需要大量的能量，这些能量主要通过我们饮食中的碳水化合物和脂肪来提供。这些能量大部分在肌肉细胞内被称为线粒体的特殊细胞器中释放，线粒体通过特定的酶途径分解碳水化合物和脂肪。这些酶必须在收缩过程中迅速被激活。酶活化的传统解释包括将高能分子，如磷酸盐（磷酸化）添加到酶的特定位点（共价调节）或在收缩过程中产生的小化合物，如代谢物，添加到其他位点（变构调节）。然而，有证据表明，第三种形式的调节酶尚未被详细研究关于骨骼肌代谢：氧化还原信号。