Tellurium reagents for mass cytometry

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Biological systems are exceptionally complex. To understand the biochemical processes that influence diseases information about the cell types present and the activities of each cell in a biological sample is required. Mass cytometry is a new analysis method that is suited to this type of challenging measurement. Mass cytometry has the potential to allow simultaneous quantification of approximately 100 parameters at the cellular level in heterogeneous cell populations. Thus, using mass cytometry more information than ever before can be extracted from a single blood or biopsy sample. The key to reaching the potential of mass cytometric analysis is the development of new reagents that complement the technique. Each different mass cytometry reagent needs to contain a different heavy elemental isotope. Targeting the lanthanide metals we have developed chemistry to append over 30 different heavy isotopes to mass cytometry reagents. This proposal focuses on expanding the repertoire of heavy isotopes that can be used for mass cytometry as well as to increase the types of information that can targeted by mass cytometry. We will do this by developing chemistry to introduce tellurium isotopes into mass cytometry reagents. The use of tellurium will provide five additional heavy isotopes for use in mass cytometry and more importantly the chemistry is designed to allow the generation of functional probes that can measure the metabolism of single cells. The chemistry will be show cased through the synthesis of probes to measure the rate of sugar uptake by cells and to measure the amount of oxygen available to the cells.