Feasibility study for extraction of breathing effort from pulse pleythsmograph signal

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The photoplethysmogram (PPG) waveform obtained using a photo sensor is a pulsatile characterization of the beating of the heart. A rich variety of physiological information such as pulse rate, and oxygen saturation can be extracted from the PPG signal, and recently, researchers have focused on extracting respiratory signals from this waveform. Despite interest in and research on the extraction of respiratory signals from PPG signals, it seems that only one respiratory parameter, namely, the respiratory rate, is commonly estimated. This is a limitation, since other parameters such as respiratory variability and respiratory effort promise to provide more in-depth information about the physiology of the subject. Moreover, research in this area has not been transformed into tangible systems that can find use in real-word clinical applications like home sleep