Eco-evolutionary dynamics of pollinator-driven diversification

传粉媒介驱动的多样化的生态进化动力学

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-03891
• 负责人: Vamosi, Jana
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=566155
• 关键词: Eco; evolutionary; dynamics; pollinator; driven

Research in my lab maintains a focus on the factors responsible for the wide range in evolutionary success among angiosperm lineages, especially those influenced by pollination, and why they matter for the maintenance of contemporary ecosystems. Over the next five years, my lab will combine phylogenetic comparative approaches with field components and appropriate molecular tools to investigate three major avenues by which pollination influences plant diversification: Theme I Range expansion, trait evolution, and diversification of plant lineages: My lab is currently investigating the influence of range shifts and the accompanying shifts in pollinators on plant speciation. We will pair phylogenetic analyses of diversification and range in Plantaginaceae to estimate the influence of long-distance dispersal to bird pollination. At a more local scale, we are investigating how adaptation to new environments can affect pollinator composition and gene flow between populations within species of Penstemon in the Alberta Rockies. Finally, at a broader scale, we are integrating community ecology with historical biogeography in the ~130 genera where hummingbird pollination has evolved. We will construct dated phylogenies of these lineages to determine (1) what extent parallels in pollinators are commonly aligned with range expansion among members of these disparate clades and 2) whether pollinator specialization is associated with altered rates of diversification. Theme II The influence of trait conservatism and lability in plant diversification: The underlying genomics of traits influences the extent of trait conservatism. My lab is currently investigating the quantitative genetics of ultraviolet (UV) reflectance, a trait considered critical to the pollination success of many species, using Mimulus guttatus as a model system. This study will be extended to investigate how the underlying genetic architecture of a trait influences the rate at which it can evolve. We are conducting analyses of whether (1) the degree of stabilizing selection on a trait is associated with diversification rate and (2) whether the number of genes involved in a trait are associated with evolutionary rates. Theme III Plant-pollinator ecophylogenetics, phylobetadiversity, and ecosystem services: Expanding our previous work on plant phylogenetic community structure, my lab will embark on studies of plant and pollinator betadiversity in temperate and tropical locales. Higher connectance is observed in smaller networks and is associated with higher stability, indicating that specialists potentially destabilize networks and offer limited ecosystem service. We will construct phylogenies for plants and pollinators found throughout the networks, measuring the ecosystem service the pollinator community provides to the plant community in terms of seed set. Novel to this proposal, we will compare the turnover (in terms of betadiversity and phylobetadiversity) in pollinator composition in temperate versus tropical sites and test whether species turnover is associated with the summed contribution of specialists to the ecosystem function of pollination.

我实验室的研究一直专注于被子植物谱系中进化成功的因素，特别是那些受授粉影响的因素，以及为什么它们对当代生态系统的维持很重要。在接下来的五年里，我的实验室将结合联合收割机系统发育比较方法与领域组件和适当的分子工具，以调查授粉影响植物多样化的三个主要途径：主题I范围扩展，性状进化和植物谱系的多样化：我的实验室目前正在调查范围的变化和随之而来的变化传粉者对植物物种形成的影响。我们将配对系统发育分析的多样性和范围在百脉根科估计的影响，远距离传播鸟类授粉。在更局部的范围内，我们正在研究如何适应新的环境可以影响传粉者的组成和种群之间的基因流在阿尔伯塔落基山脉的Penstemon物种。最后，在更广泛的范围内，我们正在将群落生态学与蜂鸟授粉进化的~130个属的历史地理学相结合。我们将构建这些谱系的过时的遗传学，以确定（1）传粉者的相似程度通常与这些不同分支成员之间的范围扩展一致，以及（2）传粉者专业化是否与多样化率的改变有关。主题二性状保守性和不稳定性对植物多样化的影响：性状的基因组学影响性状保守性的程度。我的实验室目前正在研究紫外线（UV）反射率的数量遗传学，这是一种被认为对许多物种授粉成功至关重要的性状，使用Mimulus guttatus作为模型系统。这项研究将扩展到调查一个特征的潜在遗传结构如何影响它的进化速度。我们正在分析（1）性状的稳定选择程度是否与多样化率有关，（2）性状所涉及的基因数量是否与进化率有关。主题三植物传粉者生态系统发生学、β多样性和生态系统服务：扩大我们以前在植物系统发育群落结构方面的工作，我的实验室将着手研究温带和热带地区的植物和传粉者β多样性。在较小的网络中观察到较高的连通性，并与较高的稳定性相关，这表明专家可能会破坏网络的稳定性，并提供有限的生态系统服务。我们将为整个网络中发现的植物和传粉者构建生态系统，测量传粉者社区在种子集方面为植物社区提供的生态系统服务。新颖的这一建议，我们将比较营业额（β多样性和β多样性）在温带与热带地区的传粉者组成，并测试物种营业额是否与专家授粉的生态系统功能的总贡献。