Trifurcated Discovery: 1) size-at-age in exploited fish, 2) biomass spectrum in Northumberland Strait, and 3) finalising particle dispersion.

三叉发现:1)所开发鱼类的年龄大小,2)诺森伯兰海峡的生物量谱,以及3)最终确定颗粒分散。

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2014-04036
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 1.75万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    加拿大
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助国家:
    加拿大
  • 起止时间:
    2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The proposal has 3 parts. First, is working with a student on a relatively new measure of ocean temperature and its relation to fish growth. It is the growing degree day metric (GGD) or thermal integral; a sum of heat transferred from the ocean to a fish. Fish are cold-blooded. More heat means better physiological functioning and larger size-at-age. Size-at-age is a growth integral. Thus, we expect a relation between the growth and thermal integrals. Recent work with a student shows this is precisely what we observe. Other researchers have now adopted the metric to examine various aspects of fish physiology. The metric is the one farmers use to determine crop ripening, but they use air temperature. We will expand our use of the metric across a suite of commercially valuable fish species because we have also shown that the GDD can be used to diagnose species and stocks that might be suffering from size-selective fishing. If a fishery preferentially targets the large fish, it is catching the fish that grow the fastest and mature the latest (maturation causes growth slow down). If this happens then the majority of the fish in the stock are smaller than they used to be at a given age, and they mature earlier. Also, when a stock suffers size-selective effects it becomes less sustainable. Smaller fish produce fewer eggs and the earlier maturing fish have less viable eggs and larvae. Increased evidence of the effects has raised concerns that they may be irreversible. We do know it becomes more difficult for a stock to replace itself. Thus fishing becomes less sustainable. If we can diagnose stocks showing size-selective effects, we can address pressing issues related to sustainable fisheries management, including recruitment (new fish) and changes in ecosystem structure, function and species diversity. We know the effects of unsustainable fishing, e.g., Canadian cod stocks, but now there is a selective fishing concern that the student and I, and a group of colleagues, wish to address before the consequences become apparent. Second, is working with a student and colleagues with similar interests to determine if the zooplankton (small crustaceans or sea fleas) biomass spectrum is a suitable measure of the functioning of the Northumberland Strait ecosystem. The biomass spectrum is a size-based measure of how much energy (e.g., calories) is in a body of water and how the energy varies in time and space when transferred through the food web from smaller to larger organisms such as fish, crabs and lobster that are critical ecological components of the Strait and represent a valuable fishery. The utility of the spectrum lies in its species independence that simplifies what would be more difficult from a species perspective. The value of studying the Strait is that it is somewhat like a pipe. It has inflow at one end of the Strait and outflow at the other, with known estuarine nutrient-input along the way. This simplifies what would be difficult and expensive to do the open ocean. If we show that the spectrum is suitable, then its utility becomes readily apparent to those involved in marine modeling and conservation interests such as integrated ecosystem management and the design of marine protected areas. Third, I wish to complete research with a student on our recently developed particle tracing technology to estimate early life-stage dispersal (transport and spreading) of aquatic organisms that is essential for explaining the connectivity of marine species. The technology, first of its kind, allows us to measure dispersal with real particles of the same size and buoyancy as biological particles (e.g., eggs and larvae). The research also contributes to improving numerical ocean models that struggle with small-scale diffusion processes.
该提案分为三个部分。首先,正在与一名学生合作,研究一种相对较新的海洋温度测量方法及其与鱼类生长的关系。它是生长度日度量(GGD)或热积分;从海洋转移到鱼类的热量总和。鱼是冷血动物。更多的热量意味着更好的生理功能和更大的年龄。年龄的大小是增长的一部分。因此,我们期望增长和热积分之间的关系。最近对一名学生的研究表明,这正是我们所观察到的。其他研究人员现在已经采用了这一指标来检查鱼类生理的各个方面。农民用这一指标来确定作物成熟度,但他们使用的是气温。我们将在一系列有商业价值的鱼类物种中推广使用这一指标,因为我们还表明,GDD可用于诊断可能遭受选择性大小捕捞的物种和种群。如果渔业优先以大鱼为目标,则捕捞的是生长最快、成熟最晚的鱼(成熟会导致生长减慢)。如果发生这种情况,那么种群中的大多数鱼都比过去在给定年龄时更小,它们成熟得更早。此外,当一只股票遭受规模选择效应时,它的可持续性就会变得更差。较小的鱼产生的卵较少,较早成熟的鱼的卵和幼体成活较少。越来越多的证据表明,这些影响可能是不可逆转的。我们确实知道,一只股票要想自我替代会变得更加困难。因此,渔业变得不那么可持续。如果我们能够诊断种群显示出大小选择效应,我们就可以解决与可持续渔业管理有关的紧迫问题,包括捕捞(新鱼)以及生态系统结构、功能和物种多样性的变化。我们知道不可持续捕捞的影响,例如加拿大的鳕鱼种群,但现在有一个选择性捕捞的问题,这位学生和我以及一群同事希望在后果显现之前解决这个问题。第二,正在与一名学生和具有相似兴趣的同事合作,确定浮游动物(小型甲壳类或海蚤)生物量光谱是否适合衡量诺森伯兰海峡生态系统的功能。生物量谱是根据大小衡量水体中有多少能量(例如,卡路里),以及当能量通过食物网从鱼类、螃蟹和龙虾等较小的生物转移到较大的生物时,能量在时间和空间上的变化,这些生物是海峡的关键生态组成部分,代表着宝贵的渔业。光谱的用途在于它的物种独立性,这简化了从物种角度来看更困难的事情。研究海峡的价值在于它有点像一根管子。它在海峡的一端流入,在另一端流出,沿途有已知的河口营养物质输入。这简化了公海作业的难度和成本。如果我们表明频谱是合适的,那么它的效用对于那些参与海洋建模和养护利益的人来说就变得显而易见了,例如综合生态系统管理和海洋保护区的设计。第三,我希望与一名学生一起完成关于我们最近开发的粒子跟踪技术的研究,该技术用于估计水生生物早期生命阶段的扩散(运输和传播),这对解释海洋物种的连通性至关重要。这项技术是同类技术中的第一项,它允许我们用与生物颗粒(例如卵和幼虫)相同大小和浮力的真实颗粒来测量扩散。这项研究还有助于改进与小规模扩散过程作斗争的海洋数值模式。

项目成果

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Taggart, Christopher其他文献

Taggart, Christopher的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Taggart, Christopher', 18)}}的其他基金

SWIMM: Saving Whales with Innovative Monitoring and Mitigation
SWIMM:通过创新的监测和缓解措施拯救鲸鱼
  • 批准号:
    531102-2018
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Whale Science for Tomorrow
SWIMM: Saving Whales with Innovative Monitoring and Mitigation
SWIMM:通过创新的监测和缓解措施拯救鲸鱼
  • 批准号:
    531102-2018
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Whale Science for Tomorrow
Oceanographic perspectives on: 1) size and maturity at age in fishes and 2) the biomass spectrum in the Northumberland Strait
海洋学视角:1) 鱼类的大小和成熟度;2) 诺森伯兰海峡的生物量谱
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2015-05102
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Oceanographic perspectives on: 1) size and maturity at age in fishes and 2) the biomass spectrum in the Northumberland Strait
海洋学视角:1) 鱼类的大小和成熟度;2) 诺森伯兰海峡的生物量谱
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2015-05102
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Oceanographic perspectives on: 1) size and maturity at age in fishes and 2) the biomass spectrum in the Northumberland Strait
海洋学视角:1) 鱼类的大小和成熟度;2) 诺森伯兰海峡的生物量谱
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2015-05102
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Oceanographic perspectives on: 1) size and maturity at age in fishes and 2) the biomass spectrum in the Northumberland Strait
海洋学视角:1) 鱼类的大小和成熟度;2) 诺森伯兰海峡的生物量谱
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2015-05102
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Oceanographic perspectives on: 1) size and maturity at age in fishes and 2) the biomass spectrum in the Northumberland Strait
海洋学视角:1) 鱼类的大小和成熟度;2) 诺森伯兰海峡的生物量谱
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2015-05102
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
A breadth of discovery: aquatic organisms and the thermal integral; right whales and risk and food; ecosystem biomass spectra; and particle tracing
广泛的发现:水生生物和热积分;
  • 批准号:
    183728-2009
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
A breadth of discovery: aquatic organisms and the thermal integral; right whales and risk and food; ecosystem biomass spectra; and particle tracing
广泛的发现:水生生物和热积分;
  • 批准号:
    183728-2009
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
A breadth of discovery: aquatic organisms and the thermal integral; right whales and risk and food; ecosystem biomass spectra; and particle tracing
广泛的发现:水生生物和热积分;
  • 批准号:
    183728-2009
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.75万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual

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