Biosorption of gold from alkaline solution using biomass wastes.

使用生物质废物从碱性溶液中生物吸附金。

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-04864
• 负责人: Alam, Shafiq
• 金额: $ 0.77万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=566792
• 关键词: Biosorption; gold; alkaline; solution; using

Gold is one of the most expensive precious metals that are widely used not only as traditional jewelleries but also as useful components in a variety of well known advanced materials such as electrical and electronic devices, catalysts and medical instruments. On one hand the availability of gold is very limited; on the other hand, a substantial proportion of this valuable metal is generally discarded in the form of aqueous by-products during metal refining as well as the disposal of obsolete electronic devices. Thus, effective and economical recovery processes related to gold extraction/recycling from primary and secondary resources require urgent development. Recently, sorption processes based on low cost and widely available biomass materials is considered one of the most promising sustainable technologies that can be used for the recovery of gold from dilute solutions. In the last 3 years, we have made major advancements in our biosorption research, publishing more than 30 papers in refereed high impact-factored international journals, such as Bioressource Technology, Chemical Engineering Journal, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Green Chemistry, Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, Journal of Hazardous Materials, Hydrometallurgy, Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange, RSC Advances, etc. We have also published over 10 refereed conference proceeding papers related to this research in world-class conferences such as TMS, CIM/MetSoc, IEX, ALTA, etc. With this tremendous progress made in biosorption research within the last 3 years, we are now well prepared to move forward to extend our research in this field of hydrometallurgy. The objectives of the proposed research program would be to lay a scientific foundation for the development of cost-effective, sustainable and efficient recovery processes for extracting gold from dilute solution using biomaterials prepared from biomass wastes. The currently most adopted technique for leaching gold from gold ore remains leaching in aqueous alkaline cyanide solutions. Recently, Barrick Gold Corporation adopted alkaline thiosulphate processing of gold in their successful demo-plant operation, although thiosulphate cannot completely replace cyanide, it could provide an alternative to cyanide. Following our successful research work on gold recovery from acidic solution through our previous Discovery Grant, in our proposed research we plan to extend our work to the recovery of gold from alkaline solutions of cyanide and thiosulphate, in order to meet industry’s urgent needs. In this research, gold will be recovered from a dilute alkaline solution in a batch reactor using chemically modified cellulosic biomaterials. Initially commercially available pure cellulose, after pre-treatment with sulphuric acid followed by grafting unique functional groups, will be used to develop a kinetic and adsorption isotherm model. Later bioadsorbents will be prepared from cellulosic biomass wastes such as waste paper, waste cotton and waste wood/saw dust that will be tested for gold sorption from real solution. Those biomass wastes are abundantly available and will be a cheap source of raw materials for making bioadsorbents. Proper use of such biomass wastes as value-added products will not only reduce the volume of wastes being generated every day, but will also have high end value to the gold mining industry as this cheap bioadsorbent will have superior performance over the traditionally used activated carbon. Both mining and waste management companies will benefit from this research. The proposed research program will train 4 M.Sc., 1 Ph.D., 5 post-docs and 4 undergraduate students in the area of extractive metallurgy.

黄金是最昂贵的贵金属之一，不仅广泛用作传统珠宝，而且还用作各种众所周知的先进材料（例如电气和电子设备、催化剂和医疗器械）的有用成分。一方面，黄金的供应量非常有限；另一方面，黄金的供应量也非常有限。另一方面，这种有价值的金属的很大一部分通常在金属精炼以及废弃电子设备的处理过程中以含水副产品的形式被丢弃。因此，迫切需要开发与从初级和次级资源中提取/回收黄金相关的有效且经济的回收工艺。最近，基于低成本和广泛使用的生物质材料的吸附过程被认为是最有前途的可持续技术之一，可用于从稀溶液中回收金。近三年来，我们在生物吸附研究方面取得了重大进展，在Bioressource Technology、Chemical Engineering Journal、Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research、Green Chemistry、Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data、Journal of Hazardous Materials、Hydrometalurgy、Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange、RSC Advances等高影响因子国际期刊上发表论文30余篇，并发表了10余个会议论文 在 TMS、CIM/MetSoc、IEX、ALTA 等世界级会议上发表与该研究相关的论文。随着过去 3 年来生物吸附研究取得的巨大进展，我们现在已做好充分准备，继续扩展我们在湿法冶金领域的研究。拟议研究计划的目标是为开发具有成本效益、可持续和高效的回收工艺奠定科学基础，利用由生物质废物制备的生物材料从稀溶液中提取黄金。目前最常用的从金矿石中浸出金的技术仍然是在碱性氰化物水溶液中浸出。最近，巴里克黄金公司在其成功的示范工厂中采用了碱性硫代硫酸盐处理黄金，虽然硫代硫酸盐不能完全替代氰化物，但它可以提供氰化物的替代品。继我们通过之前的发现补助金成功地从酸性溶液中回收金的研究工作之后，在我们拟议的研究中，我们计划将我们的工作扩展到从氰化物和硫代硫酸盐的碱性溶液中回收金，以满足行业的迫切需求。在这项研究中，将使用化学改性的纤维素生物材料从间歇式反应器中的稀碱性溶液中回收金。最初市售的纯纤维素经过硫酸预处理，然后接枝独特的官能团，将用于开发动力学和吸附等温线模型。稍后，生物吸附剂将由废纸、废棉花和废木材/锯末等纤维素生物质废物制备，并测试其从实际溶液中的金吸附情况。这些生物质废物资源丰富，将成为制造生物吸附剂的廉价原材料来源。正确利用此类生物质废物作为增值产品，不仅可以减少每天产生的废物量，而且还可以为金矿开采业带来较高的最终价值，因为这种廉价的生物吸附剂将具有比传统使用的活性炭更优越的性能。采矿和废物管理公司都将从这项研究中受益。拟议的研究计划将在提炼冶金领域培养 4 名硕士、1 名博士、5 名博士后和 4 名本科生。