New Formulated Solvents and Processes for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Separation

用于二氧化碳捕获和分离的新配方溶剂和工艺

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-06683
• 负责人: Tontiwachwuthikul, Paitoon
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Regina
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=567970
• 关键词: New; Formulated; Solvents; Processes; Carbon

SUMMARY The capture and separation of carbon dioxide (CO2) is a research area of increasing importance for two major reasons. First, carbon capture is an important processing step for natural gas processing plants, petroleum refineries, and chemical and energy production facilities such as hydrogen production plants, synthesis gas plants, coal-gasification units, and oil-sand operations. For these industries, the capture of CO2 from flue gases has become an important environmental concern due to the occurrence of extreme weather conditions widely attributed to global warming. It has been reported by National Geographic [28], that the level of CO2 (the major greenhouse gas) in the atmosphere has exceeded 400ppm in 2013, the highest since three million years ago. At the same time, effects of global climate change such as rising mean temperatures and severe storms have been reported world-wide. Secondly, this research area is important because the captured carbon dioxide can be used directly in Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) techniques for helping to sustain the current production of crude oil, which is a major energy source for many parts of the world, including Canada. The large amount of carbon dioxide being produced by coal-fired power plants must be captured and used as a flooding agent for EOR processes as well as a chemical feedstock for producing commodity chemicals such as urea fertilizer. This use can provide two benefits. Not only does the commodity chemical of the captured CO2 generate revenue, using the captured CO2 in EOR processes also reduces the net CO2 released to the atmosphere thereby helping to alleviate the environmental problems of GHG emissions at a minimum cost. Therefore, the need for research and development of cost-effective CO2 capture technologies is urgent. CO2 separation using reactive solvents is currently considered one of the most promising technologies for CO2 recovery due to its reliability, and capability for handling large volumes of gas. The key operating parameters for this technology include: (i) an effective, high absorption capacity solvent; (ii) high performance mass transfer columns; (iii) effective process integrations and special process configurations. The ultimate goal of the proposed research is to develop more effective CO2 capture process technology for industrial gas streams, with the lowest possible capital and operating costs and minimal operating challenges. The long-term objective is to investigate different methods for reducing the cost of CO2 separation by developing promising and novel formulated solvents for CO2 recovery using new and recently patented, long-chain amines. Initially, we will focus on new formulated mixtures of the two key components of 4-(ethyl-methyl-amino)-2-butanol (EMAB) and 4-Diethylamino-2-butanol (DEAB) with other amines. Another long-term objective is to develop and maintain a strong HQP group at the University of Regina which focuses on the area of CO2 capture and separation research. This group of highly trained researchers will help Canadian industries address the climate change problem and issues related to CO2 production for enhanced oil recovery applications and greenhouse gas control technologies. Upon completion, the research results generated by the proposed work will shed light on the use of high efficiency formulated mixed solvents as well as new high efficiency packing materials. The knowledge obtained will contribute to our current understanding and form the basis for future generations of CO2 capture technologies. This will help industry to achieve significant savings in both capital and operating costs of CO2 capture and separation processes.

由于两个主要原因，二氧化碳（CO2）的捕获和分离是一个越来越重要的研究领域。首先，碳捕集是天然气加工厂、炼油厂以及化学和能源生产设施（如制氢厂、合成气厂、煤气化装置和油砂作业）的重要处理步骤。对于这些工业来说，由于普遍归因于全球变暖的极端天气条件的发生，从烟道气中捕获二氧化碳已成为一个重要的环境问题。据《国家地理》杂志报道，2013年大气中二氧化碳（主要温室气体）的含量超过了400ppm，是300万年前以来的最高水平。与此同时，全球气候变化的影响，如平均气温上升和严重风暴，在世界各地都有报道。其次，该研究领域很重要，因为捕获的二氧化碳可以直接用于提高石油采收率（EOR）技术，以帮助维持目前的原油产量，原油是世界上许多地方的主要能源，包括加拿大。燃煤电厂产生的大量二氧化碳必须被捕获，用作提高采收率过程的驱油剂，以及生产尿素肥料等商品化学品的化学原料。这种用法可以提供两个好处。捕获的二氧化碳不仅能产生商品化学收益，在提高采收率过程中使用捕获的二氧化碳还能减少向大气中释放的净二氧化碳，从而有助于以最低成本缓解温室气体排放的环境问题。因此，迫切需要研究和开发具有成本效益的二氧化碳捕集技术。由于反应溶剂的可靠性和处理大量气体的能力，目前被认为是最有前途的二氧化碳回收技术之一。该技术的关键操作参数包括：(1)有效、高吸收能力的溶剂；（ii）高性能传质柱；（iii）有效的工艺整合和特殊工艺配置。这项研究的最终目标是开发更有效的二氧化碳捕集工艺技术，以尽可能低的资本和运营成本，以及最小的运营挑战。长期目标是通过使用新的和最近获得专利的长链胺来开发有前途的和新颖的CO2回收溶剂来研究降低CO2分离成本的不同方法。最初，我们将重点研究4-（乙基甲基-氨基）-2-丁醇（EMAB）和4-二乙基氨基-2-丁醇（DEAB）这两种关键成分与其他胺的新配方混合物。另一个长期目标是在里贾纳大学发展和维持一个强大的HQP小组，专注于二氧化碳捕获和分离研究领域。这组训练有素的研究人员将帮助加拿大工业解决气候变化问题，以及与提高石油采收率应用和温室气体控制技术相关的二氧化碳生产问题。研究完成后，所产生的研究成果将有助于高效配方混合溶剂的使用以及新型高效包装材料。所获得的知识将有助于我们目前的理解，并为未来几代二氧化碳捕获技术奠定基础。这将有助于工业界在二氧化碳捕获和分离过程的资本和运营成本方面实现显著节省。