New Formulated Solvents and Processes for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Separation

用于二氧化碳捕获和分离的新配方溶剂和工艺

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-06683
• 负责人: Tontiwachwuthikul, Paitoon
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Regina
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=612366
• 关键词: New; Formulated; Solvents; Processes; Carbon

SUMMARY The capture and separation of carbon dioxide (CO2) is a research area of increasing importance for two major reasons. First, carbon capture is an important processing step for natural gas processing plants, petroleum refineries, and chemical and energy production facilities such as hydrogen production plants, synthesis gas plants, coal-gasification units, and oil-sand operations. For these industries, the capture of CO2 from flue gases has become an important environmental concern due to the occurrence of extreme weather conditions widely attributed to global warming. It has been reported by National Geographic [28], that the level of CO2 (the major greenhouse gas) in the atmosphere has exceeded 400ppm in 2013, the highest since three million years ago. At the same time, effects of global climate change such as rising mean temperatures and severe storms have been reported world-wide. Secondly, this research area is important because the captured carbon dioxide can be used directly in Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) techniques for helping to sustain the current production of crude oil, which is a major energy source for many parts of the world, including Canada. The large amount of carbon dioxide being produced by coal-fired power plants must be captured and used as a flooding agent for EOR processes as well as a chemical feedstock for producing commodity chemicals such as urea fertilizer. This use can provide two benefits. Not only does the commodity chemical of the captured CO2 generate revenue, using the captured CO2 in EOR processes also reduces the net CO2 released to the atmosphere thereby helping to alleviate the environmental problems of GHG emissions at a minimum cost. Therefore, the need for research and development of cost-effective CO2 capture technologies is urgent. CO2 separation using reactive solvents is currently considered one of the most promising technologies for CO2 recovery due to its reliability, and capability for handling large volumes of gas. The key operating parameters for this technology include: (i) an effective, high absorption capacity solvent; (ii) high performance mass transfer columns; (iii) effective process integrations and special process configurations. The ultimate goal of the proposed research is to develop more effective CO2 capture process technology for industrial gas streams, with the lowest possible capital and operating costs and minimal operating challenges. The long-term objective is to investigate different methods for reducing the cost of CO2 separation by developing promising and novel formulated solvents for CO2 recovery using new and recently patented, long-chain amines. Initially, we will focus on new formulated mixtures of the two key components of 4-(ethyl-methyl-amino)-2-butanol (EMAB) and 4-Diethylamino-2-butanol (DEAB) with other amines. Another long-term objective is to develop and maintain a strong HQP group at the University of Regina which focuses on the area of CO2 capture and separation research. This group of highly trained researchers will help Canadian industries address the climate change problem and issues related to CO2 production for enhanced oil recovery applications and greenhouse gas control technologies. Upon completion, the research results generated by the proposed work will shed light on the use of high efficiency formulated mixed solvents as well as new high efficiency packing materials. The knowledge obtained will contribute to our current understanding and form the basis for future generations of CO2 capture technologies. This will help industry to achieve significant savings in both capital and operating costs of CO2 capture and separation processes.

概括 二氧化碳（CO2）的捕获和分离是一个重要性的研究领域，原因有两个。首先，碳捕获是天然气加工厂，石油炼油厂以及化学和能源生产设施的重要加工步骤，例如氢生产厂，合成天然气厂，煤气加热单元和油砂运营。对于这些行业，由于极端天气条件的发生广泛归因于全球变暖，因此从烟气中捕获二氧化碳已成为重要的环境问题。据国家地理学[28]报道，大气中的二氧化碳水平（主要温室气）在2013年超过400ppm，这是三百万年前以来最高的。同时，全球气候变化的影响，例如平均温度和严重风暴的升高。其次，该研究领域很重要，因为被捕获的二氧化碳可直接用于增强石油回收（EOR）技术，以帮助维持当前的原油生产，这是包括加拿大在内的世界许多地区的主要能源。燃煤发电厂生产的大量二氧化碳必须被捕获并用作EOR过程的洪水剂，以及用于生产商品化学物质（例如尿素肥料）的化学原料。这种用途可以提供两个好处。捕获的二氧化碳的商品化学物质不仅会在EOR过程中使用捕获的二氧化碳产生收入，还可以减少向大气中释放的净二氧化碳，从而有助于减轻以最低成本减轻温室气体排放的环境问题。因此，紧急的二氧化碳捕获技术的研究和开发的需求是紧迫的。 目前，使用反应性溶剂的CO2分离被认为是二氧化碳恢复的最有希望的技术之一，其可靠性以及处理大量气体的能力。该技术的关键操作参数包括：（i）有效的高吸收能力溶剂； （ii）高性能传质柱； （iii）有效的过程集成和特殊过程配置。拟议研究的最终目标是为工业气流开发更有效的二氧化碳捕获过程技术，其资本和运营成本最低，运营挑战最小。长期目标是通过开发有希望的和新型的配制溶剂来研究使用新的和最近获得专利的长链胺通过开发有希望的新型配方溶剂来降低二氧化碳分离成本的不同方法。最初，我们将重点关注4-（乙基 - 甲基 - 氨基）-2-丁醇（EMAB）和4-二乙基氨基-2-丁醇（DEAB）的两个关键成分的新配方混合物。另一个长期目标是在里贾纳大学（Regina University of Regina）发展和维持强大的HQP小组，该小组的重点是二氧化碳捕获和分离研究领域。这组训练有素的研究人员将帮助加拿大行业解决气候变化问题和与CO2生产有关的问题，以增强石油回收应用和温室气体控制技术。完成后，提议的工作产生的研究结果将阐明使用高效率配制的混合溶剂以及新的高效率包装材料。获得的知识将有助于我们当前的理解，并构成后代CO2捕获技术的基础。这将有助于行业在二氧化碳捕获和分离过程的资本和运营成本上大大节省。