Evolution of plant reproductive & genetic systems

植物生殖的进化

• 批准号: 564-2012
• 负责人: Barrett, Spencer
• 金额: $ 8.69万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=568129
• 关键词: Evolution; plant; reproductive; genetic; systems

Understanding the evolutionary processes governing transitions in reproductive and genetic systems is recognized as a central problem in evolutionary biology. Moreover, knowledge of plant reproduction is necessary for advances in plant breeding and biotechnology, conservation science and invasion biology. The overall goals of my research are twofold: to determine the mechanisms responsible for plant reproductive diversity, and to demonstrate contemporary evolution in invasive species, particularly changes to reproductive traits and the development of local adaptation. To achieve this, my laboratory exploits the striking intra-specific variation in reproductive and genetic systems evident in particular herbaceous plant groups, as well as targeted cases of high profile plant invasions. To do this we integrate theory development, comparative biology, functional ecology, and the tools of evolutionary genomics. This grant addresses four themes: 1) Evolutionary genomics of mating system transitions; 2) Mechanisms of sex ratio bias and sex chromosome evolution; 3) The evolution and maintenance of gender strategies; 4) Local adaptation and reproductive evolution during invasion. The research will provide insights into several major issues in evolutionary biology including: the origin and maintenance of adaptive multilocus polymorphism, how selfing affects selection on genomes, the evolution of sex chromosomes, the role of ecological adaptation in maintaining combined versus separate sexes, and the tempo of contemporary evolution of local adaptation. It will also result in the training of high caliber students and PDFs with broad expertise in ecology & evolutionary biology including field experiments, cutting edge techniques in genomics and flowering plant diversity.

了解生殖和遗传系统的进化过程是进化生物学的核心问题。此外，植物繁殖的知识是必要的，在植物育种和生物技术，保护科学和入侵生物学的进步。我的研究的总体目标是双重的：确定负责植物生殖多样性的机制，并展示入侵物种的当代进化，特别是生殖性状的变化和当地适应的发展。为了实现这一目标，我的实验室利用了生殖和遗传系统中的显著种内变异，这些变异在特定的草本植物群体中很明显，同时也是高调植物入侵的目标案例。要做到这一点，我们整合理论发展，比较生物学，功能生态学和进化基因组学的工具。 该基金涉及四个主题：1）交配系统转换的进化基因组学; 2）性比偏差和性染色体进化的机制; 3）性别策略的进化和维持; 4）入侵期间的局部适应和生殖进化。该研究将提供深入了解进化生物学中的几个主要问题，包括：自适应多位点多态性的起源和维持，自交如何影响基因组的选择，性染色体的进化，生态适应在维持组合与单独性别中的作用，以及局部适应的当代进化克里思。它还将导致高素质的学生和具有广泛的专业知识的生态学和进化生物学，包括田间实验，基因组学和开花植物多样性的尖端技术的培训PDF。