Proteins at interfaces and modification of surfaces for biological applications

界面蛋白质和生物应用表面修饰

• 批准号: 3529-2010
• 负责人: Brash, John
• 金额: $ 3.93万
• 依托单位: McMaster University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=568307
• 关键词: Proteins; interfaces; modification; surfaces; biological

This research is in the area of biomaterials, i.e. materials that are used in contact with a biological system whether it be the human body, a bodily fluid like blood or tears, or any fluid that contains biological components. Our work is focused on biocompatibility and on understanding how proteins and cells interact at the interface between the biomaterial and the biosystem. In addition we exploit our developing understanding of these biointeractions in the design of new materials. The work has two main themes: (1) Protein interfacial behaviour: Proteins have a strong tendency to adsorb at interfaces and this has important consequences for a number of areas of biotechnology (eg medical devices, diagnostic systems, food processing, biosensors and protein separation and purification). There is a need for improved understanding of protein adsorption so that it can be controlled as required for a given purpose. We will be addressing the following broad questions: (a) the nature of protein surface binding, (b) the orientation of adsorbed proteins, (c) conformational changes and alteration of biologic function. We will study the adsorption kinetics and equilibria of selected protein-surface systems and develop mechanistic models of adsorption. In this work we make use of advanced experimental methods such as neutron reflectometry (collaboration with NRC Chalk River) and methods requiring synchrotron radiation (Canadian Light Source). (2) Modification of solid surfaces: Surface modification is of great importance in biotechnology applications such as biosensors, bioprocess equipment and medical devices. In general one wants to keep the bulk properties of the material intact while tailoring the surface to impart specific properties, especially resistance to biofouling. Contact lenses, for example, are gradually "spoiled" by the uptake of proteins from tear fluid. Our research in this area is based on two main approaches: (a) modification of surfaces using gold-thiol chemistry, (b) polymer grafting using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) a novel polymerization method which allows control over the polymer molecular weight distribution. Emphasis will be on non fouling surfaces.

这项研究是在生物材料领域，即与生物系统接触使用的材料，无论是人体，血液或眼泪等体液，还是含有生物成分的任何液体。我们的工作重点是生物相容性和了解蛋白质和细胞如何在生物材料和生物系统之间的界面相互作用。此外，我们利用我们对这些生物相互作用的不断发展的理解来设计新材料。这项工作有两个主题： (1)蛋白质界面行为：蛋白质在界面上具有强烈的吸附倾向，这对生物技术的许多领域（例如医疗设备、诊断系统、食品加工、生物传感器以及蛋白质分离和纯化）具有重要影响。需要改进对蛋白质吸附的理解，以便可以根据给定目的的需要对其进行控制。 我们将讨论以下广泛的问题：（a）蛋白质表面结合的性质，（B）吸附蛋白质的方向，（c）构象变化和生物功能的改变。我们将研究选定的蛋白质表面系统的吸附动力学和平衡，并开发吸附的机械模型。 在这项工作中，我们利用先进的实验方法，如中子反射计（与NRC粉笔河合作）和方法，需要同步辐射（加拿大光源）。 (2)固体表面改性：表面改性在生物技术应用中非常重要，例如生物传感器，生物工艺设备和医疗器械。一般来说，人们希望保持材料的整体性质完整，同时定制表面以赋予特定性质，特别是抗生物污染性。例如，隐形眼镜由于从泪液中摄取蛋白质而逐渐“损坏”。我们在这一领域的研究是基于两个主要的方法：（a）使用金硫醇化学表面改性，（B）聚合物接枝使用原子转移自由基聚合（ATRP），一种新的聚合方法，允许控制聚合物分子量分布。重点将放在非污垢表面上。