Molecular identification and control of apicomplexan parasites

顶复门寄生虫的分子鉴定和控制

• 批准号: 106453-2011
• 负责人: Barta, John
• 金额: $ 2.19万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=569142
• 关键词: Molecular; identification; control; apicomplexan; parasites

Many of apicomplexan parasites (such as malaria, Toxoplasma and coccidia) are of serious veterinary, agricultural and medical importance. Eimeria are continuing and serious challenges to profitable rearing of commercial poultry (especially chickens). Medication costs and production losses from coccidiosis cost the poultry industry several $100 million each year in Canada. Live vaccines against coccidia are possible but are complicated by immunologically distinct strains of many Eimeria species. We have distinct lines of E. maxima that are similar to one another but do not cross-immunize birds (they do not protect against challenge with the second strain despite their similarity). The few differences that exist between these E. maxima strains must be important targets of a protective immune response. We have determined the window of development of the parasite that is susceptible to control. We propose to conduct a highly detailed molecular dissection of these two parasite strains using transcriptome analysis of these parasites during the time when immunologically relevant molecules are being produced by the parasites. We will examine any differences found for immunological relevance and, when the possible candidate molecules have been identified, vaccination candidates (live vaccines carried by non-pathogenic Salmonella/Bacillus species or via plasmid-based DNA vaccination). This exciting work is the culmination of a long period of research into the interactions that exist between these economically and medically important parasites and their vertebrate hosts. To further aid in the control of these parasites, we intend to use our expanding collection of molecular markers for the various parasites to develop molecular methods of identifying and quantifying parasites in tissue and/or feces of infected chickens. We will use DNA barcoding methods to first identify and characterize each species that infects birds (and then other animals) and then develop specific probes that can be used in high throughput RT-PCR equipment to give precise numbers of parasites of each species in diagnostically relevant samples such as feces, blood or tissues to aid in control of these parasites.

许多顶端复合体寄生虫(如疟疾、弓形虫和球虫)具有严重的兽医、农业和医学重要性。艾美耳球虫继续对商业家禽(尤其是鸡)的有利可图的饲养构成严重挑战。在加拿大，药物费用和球虫病造成的生产损失每年给家禽养殖业造成数亿美元的损失。针对球虫的活疫苗是可能的，但由于许多艾美耳球虫的免疫特性不同而变得复杂。我们有不同的巨型埃希氏菌株系，它们彼此相似，但不能交叉免疫禽类(尽管它们相似，但它们不能抵御第二种株的挑战)。这些极大E.Maxima菌株之间存在的少数差异肯定是保护性免疫反应的重要目标。我们已经确定了易受控制的寄生虫的发展窗口。我们建议在寄生虫产生免疫相关分子的过程中，使用这些寄生虫的转录组分析来对这两种寄生虫株进行非常详细的分子解剖。我们将检查发现的免疫学相关性的任何差异，并在确定可能的候选分子后，进行候选疫苗接种(由非致病沙门氏菌/芽孢杆菌物种携带的活疫苗或通过基于质粒的DNA疫苗接种)。这项激动人心的工作是对这些经济和医学上重要的寄生虫与它们的脊椎动物宿主之间存在的相互作用进行了长期研究的结果。 为了进一步帮助控制这些寄生虫，我们打算利用我们不断扩大的各种寄生虫的分子标记集合，开发分子方法来识别和量化受感染鸡的组织和/或粪便中的寄生虫。我们将使用DNA条形码方法首先识别和描述感染禽类(然后是其他动物)的每一种物种，然后开发可用于高通量RT-PCR设备的特定探针，以提供具有诊断相关的样本中每种寄生虫的准确数量，如粪便、血液或组织，以帮助控制这些寄生虫。