Momentum Fluxes, Turbulence and Energy/Momentum Transport in the Lower and Middle Atmosphere (1 to 100km altitude)

中低层大气中的动量通量、湍流和能量/动量传输（1 至 100 公里高度）

• 批准号: 121401-2013
• 负责人: Hocking, Wayne
• 金额: $ 2.99万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=569185
• 关键词: Momentum; Fluxes; Turbulence; Energy; Transport

The circulation of the atmosphere has profound impact on the lives of citizens of both Canada and the world generally. It knows no human-designated borders, and effects at any one location are intricately entwined with impacts and consequences at other locations. Atmospheric waves play a particularly important role in communicating between different regions of the atmosphere. As examples of long-range interactions, waves generated by flow of air over the Andes Mountains can impact circulation in the stratosphere over the Atlantic Ocean, and Stratospheric jet-stream flows over the Rocky Mountains in North America produce perturbations and Low Pressure Systems which bring severe weather to north-eastern USA and Canada. In this project, the intent is to study these types of interactions, with particular focus on the waves and wave-like motions that are key drivers of the Earth's circulation, and the methods by which they transport momentum and energy. Our studies go beyond investigations of the lower regions of the atmosphere, and look at the Earth not only in global scope but also over altitude ranges from the ground to the edges of space (taken here to be around 100 km altitude). To perform these studies, we will use world-wide networks of dedicated atmospheric radars specially designed to measure these events, which include so-called "gravity waves", "planetary waves", and atmospheric tides. The resultant turbulence which develops when these waves break is also a subject of interest. I have not only developed these instruments and deployed them world-wide, but have also developed new experimental methods for measuring their impact, including measurements of key parameters like momentum flux deposition and drag. Such studies draw on my development of these radar networks over a 20-year time-frame, and the time is now at hand to capitalize on the benefits of these efforts with this extended study program.

大气的流通对加拿大和世界公民的生活产生了深远的影响。它不知道人类指定的边界，任何一个位置的影响都与其他位置的影响和后果相关。大气波在大气的不同区域之间交流中起着特别重要的作用。作为远距离相互作用的例子，空气在安第斯山脉山上产生的波浪会影响大西洋上平流层的循环，而平流层喷气流在北美落基山脉上流动产生了扰动和低压系统，使美国东北部向美国和加拿大东北部带来了恶劣的天气。 在这个项目中，目的是研究这些类型的相互作用，特别关注的是波浪和类似波浪的动作，这些运动是地球循环的关键驱动因素，以及它们传递动量和能量的方法。我们的研究超越了对大气下部区域的研究，不仅在全球范围内看地球，而且高度从地面到空间边缘（在此处为100公里的高度）。 为了进行这些研究，我们将使用专门设计的专门设计的全球大气雷达网络，这些网络包括所谓的“重力波”，“行星波”和大气潮。当这些波浪破裂时，产生的湍流也是感兴趣的主题。我不仅开发了这些仪器并在全球范围内部署了它们，而且还开发了新的实验方法来衡量其影响，包括测量诸如动量通量沉积和阻力等关键参数。这些研究借鉴了我在20年的时间范围内对这些雷达网络的发展，现在现在是时候利用这项扩展的研究计划来利用这些努力的好处。