Radar applications to studies of winds, severe weather, temperatures, meteors, and space travel in the atmosphere.

雷达应用于研究风、恶劣天气、温度、流星和大气中的太空旅行。

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-04242
• 负责人: Hocking, Wayne
• 金额: $ 3.64万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=690112
• 关键词: Radar; applications; studies; winds; severe

Over the last 25 years, I have built up networks of research radars with both Canadian national as well as international coverage. These comprise a network of windprofiler radars within Canada for meteorological and weather-forecasting studies, and a network of meteor radars which span the Americas almost from pole to pole, including sites in the Arctic and Antarctica. They have been used, for example, in studies of weather, ozone transport, atmospheric waves and examination of severe weather like tornadoes. I have written key papers on buoyancy wave momentum flux forcing of the mean state, new radar designs using digital technology, analysis methods, large-scale diffusion in the stratosphere, polar mesosphere summer echoes (PMSE), and the internal structure of meteor trails.***In the next 5 years, I wish to truly capitalize on these radar networks. My objective is to continue working on various diverse but important areas of research, within the dual overlying themes of (i) radar methods and (ii) studies of lower- and middle-atmosphere dynamics. While this broad approach could be seen to be extensive, I have shown my ability to handle a wide range of topics efficiently and effectively [e.g., reference R16].***A unifying theme of these studies is the role of the middle atmosphere in space travel. Spacecraft must be launched through the middle troposphere, stratosphere and mesosphere in order to reach space, and the winds, temperatures, turbulence strengths, buoyancy wave composition and general atmospheric structure in this region must be well understood in order to make safe launches. An example is the Space Shuttle Columbia incident in [e.g., Hocking et al., 2003; R27], in which the shuttle appears to have passed through an inversion layer just prior to its disintegration: while not the main cause of the accident, it may have exacerbated it. Recent interest in commercial space flight (e.g. SpaceX), including plans to fly between continents through lower space, have made real-time prediction of middle atmosphere conditions more vital.***Anticipated outcomes include: further integration of our windprofiler winds into numerical models, more frequent real-time web updates of current conditions, enhancement of our ability to study and forewarn of tornadoes, radar windprofiler comparisons with European Space Agency (ESA) ADM-Aeolus mission (http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Observing_the_Earth/Aeolus), buoyancy wave measurements of upper atmospheric forcing, diffusion processes in the stratosphere and mesosphere, PMSE investigation, and measurement of mesospheric ozone densities using radar. ***Key benefits include better forecasting capabilities in upper atmosphere dynamics (especially turbulence, waves, bores, and inversion events), thereby leading to improved safety for both stratospheric flight and spacecraft launches, and better warnings of severe weather events at the surface.**

在过去的25年中，我与加拿大国家和国际报道建立了研究雷达网络。这些包括加拿大内风雷达网络，用于气象和天气造成的研究，以及一个几乎从极点到极点遍布美洲的流星雷达网络，包括北极和南极洲的地点。例如，在天气，臭氧运输，大气波和龙卷风等恶劣天气的研究中使用了它们。我已经写了有关浮力波动动量通量强迫，使用数字技术的新雷达设计，分析方法，大规模扩散，在平流层中的大规模扩散，极性中型夏季回波（PMSE）以及流星径的内部结构。我的目标是在（i）雷达方法的双重主题和（ii）研究下和中部大气动力学的研究中继续研究各种不同但重要的研究领域。 尽管这种广泛的方法可以被视为广泛，但我已经表明了我有效，有效地处理广泛主题的能力[例如，参考R16]。***这些研究的统一主题是中间气氛在太空旅行中的作用。必须通过对流层中间，平流层和中层发射航天器，以便到达空间，并且必须充分了解该地区的风，温度，湍流强度，浮力波组成和一般大气结构，以便进行安全发射。一个例子是[例如Hocking等，2003; R27]，其中班车在瓦解之前似乎已经通过了反转层：虽然不是事故的主要原因，但它可能加剧了它。最近对商业太空飞行（例如SpaceX）的兴趣，包括计划在大陆之间飞行较低空间的计划，使中间气氛条件的实时预测更加重要。***预期的结果包括：将风能动力的风能进一步整合到数值模型中，更频繁地实时网络条件更新，更频繁地进行实时的网络更新，增强了我们与欧洲的能力相比，欧洲的能力，欧洲的能力，dornarnadofer and and andore dornaDofer（Radarnadoer）（Radarnadoer）（Radarnadoer）（Radarnadoer）（Radarnadoer）（Radarnadoer）（Radarnadoer）（RadarnaDo）（ Adm-aeolus任务（http://www.esa.int/our_activities/observing_the_earth/aeolus），上层大气强迫的浮力测量，平流层和中间层中的扩散过程，PMSE研究，PMSE研究，以及使用RADAR的Mesosposperic ozone ozone consuperation。 ***关键好处包括在上层大气动力学（尤其是湍流，波浪，孔，孔和反转事件）中的更好预测能力，从而提高了平流层飞行和航天器发射的安全性，以及对表面恶劣天气事件的更好警告。** ** ** **