Advancing the understanding of fundamental principles of motor control.

增进对电机控制基本原理的理解。

• 批准号: 121473-2012
• 负责人: Feldman, Anatol
• 金额: $ 2.26万
• 依托单位: Université de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=569198
• 关键词: Advancing; understanding; fundamental; principles; motor

The proposed program has been built on our several major achievements under the tenure of the previous NSERC grants. (1) The discovery that the corticospinal system, rather than directly programming kinematics and motor commands to muscles, sets and resets the threshold position of body segments at which appropriate muscles begin to be recruited (Raptis et al. 2010). (2) Threshold position control mediated by corticospinal pathways underlies not only regular but also anticipatory motor actions (Sangani et al. 2011). (3) The notion of threshold position control has been generalized to multi-muscle and multi-joint control of motor actions (arm reaching, jumping, dancing, and walking in humans; Feldman et al. 2011). (4) Several classical problems in motor control has been solved, such as the posture-movement problem and the redundancy problems in multi-muscle and multi-joint control (Feldman 2011). (5)We established that weakness and spasticity in post-stroke subjects result from deficits in the central regulation of the threshold arm position and elaborated a diagnostic device to help clinicians in identifying these deficits (Patent, Feldman et al. 2006). (6) Our multidisciplinary team has developed a substantial expertise in modeling of not only single- but also whole body movements and experimentally tested predictions of these models (Pilon et al. 2005, 2006; Feldman et al. 2007; Latash et al. 2010; Gorniak et al. 2010; Yang and Feldman 2010; Feldman 2011). In the proposed program, we will analyze how the corticospinal system uses threshold position resetting to control involuntary (unloading reflex), anticipatory (self-unloading of the arm) and voluntary reaching for an object at different locations in the environment. The fundamental principles of motor control will be validated by numerical simulations of whole body movements (sit-to-stand then jump, walk and run). The program is intended to substantially contribute to the understanding of how complex movements are centrally controlled, which will be used in elaborating several devices to help clinicians in rehabilitation of post-stroke subjects with neurological deficits in the multi-muscle coordination.

拟议的计划是建立在我们在以前的NSERC赠款任期内取得的几项重大成就的基础上的。(1)发现皮质脊髓系统，而不是直接编程运动学和运动命令到肌肉，设置和重置身体节段的阈值位置，在该位置，适当的肌肉开始被招募（Raptis等人，2010）。(2)皮质脊髓通路介导的阈值位置控制不仅是常规运动动作的基础，也是预期运动动作的基础（Sangani等人，2011）。(3)阈值位置控制的概念已被推广到运动动作的多肌肉和多关节控制（人类的手臂伸展、跳跃、跳舞和行走; Feldman等人，2011年）。(4)运动控制中的几个经典问题已经得到解决，例如姿势-运动问题以及多肌肉和多关节控制中的冗余问题（Feldman 2011）。(5)We确定中风后受试者的虚弱和痉挛是由阈值手臂位置的中枢调节缺陷引起的，并详细阐述了一种诊断装置，以帮助临床医生识别这些缺陷（Patent，Feldman等人，2006）。(6)我们的多学科团队在建模方面积累了丰富的专业知识，不仅可以对单个身体运动进行建模，还可以对全身运动进行建模，并通过实验对这些模型进行预测（Pilon et al. 2005，2006; Feldman et al. 2007; Latash et al. 2010; Gorniak et al. 2010; Yang and Feldman 2010; Feldman 2011）。在拟议的计划中，我们将分析皮质脊髓系统如何使用阈值位置重置来控制非自愿（卸载反射），预期（自动卸载的手臂）和自愿达到在环境中的不同位置的对象。运动控制的基本原理将通过全身运动（从坐到站，然后跳，走和跑）的数值模拟来验证。该计划的目的是大大有助于了解复杂的运动是如何集中控制的，这将被用于制定几个设备，以帮助临床医生在康复中风后的受试者在多肌肉协调的神经功能缺损。