Plasma Physics and Engineering for Fusion Research and Material Processing

用于聚变研究和材料加工的等离子体物理与工程

• 批准号: 170756-2013
• 负责人: Xiao, Chijin
• 金额: $ 1.53万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=569596
• 关键词: Plasma; Physics; Engineering; Fusion; Research

Plasma is an ionized gas with free electrons, ions, and neutral particles. Fusion has been considered an ultimate energy solution which is inexhaustible and also friendly to environment. Tokamak is a device to confine plasma using magnetic field. Pursues to build commercial fusion reactor are hindered by anomalous transport of heat and particles in the reactor. Instabilities and turbulences are the main candidates for causing anomalous transport, but the exact mechanism is still largely unknown. In addition, many technical and engineering problems have to be solved before commercial fusion reactors can be built. The proposed research on the Saskatchewan Torus-Modified (STOR-M) tokamak addresses several key physics and technical issues for future fusion reactor: effective fueling using compact torus injection to reduce tritium fuel recycling requirement; resonant magnetic perturbation to suppress instabilities which may degrade plasma confinement and even cause termination of reactor operations. Since termination of the Canadian national fusion program and the closure of the TdeV tokamak in 1997, the STOR-M tokamak has been the only magnetic fusion research facility in Canada. The ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) is the largest scientific project participated in by seven parties (EU, USA, Japan, Russia, China, Korea, and India. Unfortunately, Canada is now the only G8 country outside the ITER program. It is important for Canada to maintain a small, yet active fusion research program on STOR-M which is vibrant and visible to the international fusion community. In addition, research on plasma technologies will be carried out for industrial and medical applications using existing plasma reactors in the Laboratory and a new dense plasma focus device to be built. Research on the plasma aided material processing is also related to some extent to fusion plasmas. At the edge of a tokamak, plasma density and temperature are relatively low. Techniques used for diagnosing edge plasma parameters in tokamaks can also be used for processing plasmas.

等离子体是具有自由电子、离子和中性粒子的电离气体。核聚变被认为是一种取之不尽、用之不竭、对环境友好的终极能源解决方案。托卡马克是一种利用磁场约束等离子体的装置。反应堆中热量和粒子的异常传输阻碍了建造商业聚变反应堆的努力。不稳定性和不稳定性是导致反常输运的主要候选者，但确切的机制仍然是未知的。此外，在建造商业聚变反应堆之前，还必须解决许多技术和工程问题。 对萨斯喀彻温改进环（STOR-M）托卡马克的拟议研究解决了未来聚变反应堆的几个关键物理和技术问题：使用紧凑的环注入有效的燃料，以减少氚燃料回收的要求;共振磁扰动，以抑制不稳定性，可能会降低等离子体约束，甚至导致终止反应堆运行。 自1997年加拿大国家聚变计划终止和TDEV托卡马克关闭以来，STOR-M托卡马克一直是加拿大唯一的磁聚变研究设施。ITER（国际热核聚变实验反应堆）是由七个缔约方（欧盟，美国，日本，俄罗斯，中国，韩国和印度）参与的最大的科学项目。不幸的是，加拿大现在是八国集团中唯一一个没有参与ITER计划的国家。对加拿大来说，重要的是保持一个小型但积极的STOR-M聚变研究计划，该计划充满活力，并为国际聚变界所关注。 此外，将利用实验室现有的等离子体反应器和即将建造的新的密集等离子体聚焦装置，进行工业和医疗应用等离子体技术的研究。 等离子体辅助材料加工的研究也与聚变等离子体有一定的联系。 在托卡马克的边缘，等离子体密度和温度相对较低。用于诊断托卡马克中的边缘等离子体参数的技术也可以用于处理等离子体。