Control and organization of anticipatory locomotor adjustments

预期运动调整的控制和组织

• 批准号: 191782-2012
• 负责人: McFadyen, Bradford
• 金额: $ 1.97万
• 依托单位: Université Laval
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=569718
• 关键词: Control; organization; anticipatory; locomotor; adjustments

While seemingly simple and not requiring much thought, walking is the result of many different functions to sense the world and body, plan and adapt actions and execute muscle activity and limb movements. Although the focus of study for many years, we still do not fully understand these functions and how they are organized into coordinated movement. The long-term goal of my research program is to improve our understanding or how we control and adapt our walking from birth to old age. Over the next five years, this research program will focus on specific questions about how young healthy adults control lower limb movements and coordinate body displacement to step over, onto and around obstructions. The main areas of interest will be a) how we coordinate and control specific parts of the lower limb and body to step over and onto physical obstructions; b) how such control is possibly correlated with brain function; c) how we plan and adapt whole body navigation of complex environments; and d) whether there are global rules common to different modes of navigation (e.g., walking, wheelchair, driving). Young to middle aged adults will be exposed to innovative real and virtual reality environments imposing different walking tasks across the studies during the program. All studies will involve measuring three-dimensional movements. Studies of lower limb control will also involve estimating muscle forces and one study will begin to look at surface activity of certain brain areas in relation to planning and executing obstacle avoidance. Other studies will look at the navigation around complex environments while walking, and others while rolling in a wheelchair. Eye movements will also be recorded in relation to anticipatory gaze behaviour. These latter studies will allow us to compare patterns of whole body navigation across different modes of movement (even when not walking) as well as to lower limb control to speak to general principles of control. The expected results of this program have great potential to advance our basic knowledge of this common, but not well understood, daily activity from new perspectives. It also has potential for wide ranging applications from robotics to architecture to biomedical engineering.

虽然看似简单，不需要太多思考，但走路是感知世界和身体、计划和适应行动、执行肌肉活动和肢体运动等许多不同功能的结果。虽然多年来研究的重点，但我们仍然没有完全了解这些功能以及它们是如何组织成协调运动的。我的研究项目的长期目标是提高我们的理解，或者我们如何控制和适应我们从出生到老年的行走。在接下来的五年里，这个研究项目将集中在关于年轻健康的成年人如何控制下肢运动和协调身体位移来跨越、踩上和绕过障碍物的具体问题上。主要感兴趣的领域将是a)我们如何协调和控制下肢和身体的特定部位来跨越和跨越物理障碍物；B)这种控制如何可能与大脑功能相关；C)我们如何规划和适应复杂环境的全身导航；d)不同的导航模式（如步行、轮椅、驾驶）是否有共同的全球规则。年轻人到中年人将暴露在创新的真实和虚拟现实环境中，在整个研究过程中施加不同的步行任务。所有的研究都将包括测量三维运动。下肢控制的研究也将涉及估计肌肉力量，一项研究将开始观察与计划和执行避障有关的某些大脑区域的表面活动。其他研究将着眼于在复杂环境中行走时的导航，以及在轮椅上滚动时的导航。与预期凝视行为相关的眼球运动也将被记录下来。这些后一项研究将使我们能够比较不同运动模式下的全身导航模式（即使不走路），以及下肢控制，以说明控制的一般原则。这个项目的预期结果有很大的潜力，可以从新的角度推进我们对这种常见的、但尚未被很好理解的日常活动的基本认识。它还具有广泛应用的潜力，从机器人到建筑再到生物医学工程。