Vision and Sensing of Human Motion for Athletes and Artists

生物识别技术通常指的是将模式识别方法应用于以安全为目的的人体测量。我们采取更广阔的视野，通过应用各种信号处理和计算机视觉技术来测量和分析人体运动，应用于运动和步态障碍的临床治疗。典型的应用是一名运动员在跑步机上跑步，但却感到疼痛。我们知道，如果运动员以不同的方式跑步，我们可以消除疼痛，但步态不容易改变。以这样的运动为例，我们试图开发算法和系统来测量和分析人类的运动，从而实时地向那个人提供反馈。一个可行的假设是，适当设计的反馈将是纠正步态的有效方法。在之前的工作中，我们已经用一个系统演示了这个概念，该系统旨在纠正一个失去了跨身能力的速滑运动员的技术。我们专注于音频反馈，因为它为运动员的安全腾出了眼睛，也因为我们知道人们可以用声音来协调他们的动作。这项研究是建立在先前成功的基础上，探索使用各种传感器来测量运动（计算机视觉、运动捕捉和安装在运动员身上的传感器），测量各种设置（速滑椭圆形、跑步机、跑道、人行道），开发与各种传感器和运动同步的信号处理算法，检查各种运动模式（步行、跑步、滑冰），开发和测试算法和系统，以达到各种期望的结果（运动成绩，临床治疗）。

Biometrics typically refer to the application of pattern recognition methods to the measurement of humans for security purposes. We take a broader view, by applying a variety of signal processing and computer vision techniques to the measurement and analysis of human motion, for applications in athletics and clinical treatment of gait disorders. The prototypical application is an athlete running on a treadmill, but experiencing pain. We know that if the athlete runs differently, we can eliminate the pain, but gaits are not easily altered. Using athletics such as this as a case study, we seek to develop algorithms and systems that measure and analyze human motion to produce feedback to that person in real-time. A working hypothesis is that properly designed feedback will be an effective way to correct a gait. We have demonstrated the concept in previous work with a system designed to correct the technique of a speed skater who had lost his ability to do cross overs. We focus on audio feedback because it leaves the eyes free for the athlete's safety, and because we know that people can coordinate their movements with sound. The proposed research builds on this previous success by exploring the use of various sensors to measure locomotion (computer vision, motion capture, and sensors mounted on the athlete), measuring in a variety of settings (speed skating oval, treadmill, running track, sidewalk), developing signal processing algorithms for synchronization with the various sensors and motions, examining a variety of modes of locomotion (walking, running, skating), and developing and testing algorithms and systems that target a variety of desired outcomes (athletic performance, clinical treatment). A key part of our methodology is to engage with artists and musicians. While artists and musicians can use our technological advances to further their aesthetic goals, our scientific work receives a reciprocal benefit as they contribute to the design of audio and visual feedback that is effective in obtaining the desired response from an athlete.