Astrophysical plasmas and fluids

天体物理学中的流体和等离子体具有极端的 行为，从磁星的相对论火球和 伽马射线爆发，强大的冲击波围绕着 星系团，到寒冷的尘埃盘， form. 本研究的主要目的是调查 使用分析的组合， 方法和高性能计算，在某种程度上， 一些长期存在的观测难题 下一个焦点 五年内将在明亮和宽带电磁 宇宙中最强磁化物体的辐射 黑洞伽马射线辐射的快速波动， 稠密等离子体和导电固体对超强电磁波的响应 磁场、冲击波和宇宙射线的动力学 在星系群中，以及形成星系的基本第一步， 行星，涉及小粒子和气体之间的相互作用， 受引力束缚的物体

Astrophysical fluids and plasmas have an extreme range of behavior, from the relativistic fireballs of magnetars and gamma-ray bursts, to the powerful shock waves surrounding clusters of galaxies, to the cold, dusty disks in which planets form. The main goal of this research is to investigate individual physical processes in depth using a combination of analytical methods and high-performance computing, in a way that illuminates some longstanding observational puzzles. The focus in the next five years will be on the bright and broadband electromagnetic emission of the most strongly magnetized objects in the universe, the rapid fluctuations in the gamma-ray emission of black holes, the response of dense plasmas and conducting solids to ultrastrong magnetic fields, the dynamics of shock waves and cosmic rays in galaxy groups, and the essential first steps in the formation of planets, involving interactions between small particles and gas with gravitationally bound objects.