Controlling nano to microscale dynamics with light: from fundamental research to advanced fabrication

用光控制纳米到微米级动力学：从基础研究到先进制造

• 批准号: 298146-2013
• 负责人: Fraser, James
• 金额: $ 3.79万
• 依托单位: Queen's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=571437
• 关键词: Controlling; nano; microscale; dynamics; light

We must transform to a more sustainable society. Advanced materials and new manufacturing methods will play a central role in the effort to develop renewable energy sources and reduced-impact high tech fabrication processes. We will use light as a probe and also as a scapel, to study, control and fabricate systems on the micro and nanoscale. Our research follows two main thrusts: A) Lasers are used to precision cut a wide range of consumer products, from cars to smartphones. Even with such success, to produce a product with a specific 3D shape, one must resort to more wasteful and less precise tools since a laser beam cannot be stopped in mid-flight. Due to NSERC DG funding, we were able to invent a novel technique to control laser penetration depth in arbitrary materials, ranging from steel to bone. We will apply this potentially transformative technology to improve high power laser welding and fabricate new artificial materials with submicron precision. Our results will reduce manufacturing time, helping the Canadian automotive, microelectronics and aerospace industries. More importantly, active depth control may open laser processing to completely new approaches or materials that are currently out of reach. B) In a typical solar cell, one photon from the sun excites one electron in the cell. Recently, theorists have predicted that we can double the electron conversion efficiency in one of the most environmentally alluring materials, carbon, in the form a nanotube. Though the potential of carbon nanotube solar cells is huge, the challenges are immense. We need to understand their basic fundamental properties for them to serve as a building block for a novel opto-electronic industry. An important component of this effort is to track the birth and motion of electrons in the tiny nm-diameter tubes with extreme high time resolution only possible with ultrafast optics. An essential component of this research is the contributions and training of students with sophisticated optical tools, novel materials, nano-characterization and advanced manufacturing.

我们必须转变为更可持续的社会。先进的材料和新的制造方法将在开发可再生能源和减少影响力的高科技制造过程的努力中发挥核心作用。我们将使用光作为探针以及scapel，在微观和纳米级上研究，控制和制造系统。 我们的研究遵循了两个主要推力： a）激光器用于精确削减从汽车到智能手机的各种消费产品。 即使取得了如此成功，要生产具有特定3D形状的产品，也必须诉诸更浪费，更精确的工具，因为激光束无法在飞行中的中间停止。由于NSERC DG资金，我们能够发明一种新型技术，以控制任意材料中的激光渗透深度，从钢到骨头。 我们将采用这种潜在的变革性技术来改善高功率激光焊接，并以次子精度制造新的人造材料。 我们的结果将减少制造时间，帮助加拿大汽车，微电子和航空航天行业。 更重要的是，主动深度控制可能会为当前无法触及的全新方法或材料打开激光处理。 b）在典型的太阳能电池中，来自太阳的一个光子激发了电池中的一个电子。 最近，理论家预测，我们可以将电子转化效率加倍，以纳米管形式最环保的材料之一，碳。尽管碳纳米管太阳能电池的潜力很大，但挑战是巨大的。我们需要了解他们的基本基本属性，以作为新型光电行业的基础。 这项工作的一个重要组成部分是跟踪微小的NM直径管中电子的出生和运动，并且只有使用UltraFast光学元件才能具有极高的高时间分辨率。 这项研究的重要组成部分是使用精致的光学工具，新颖材料，纳米特征和高级制造的学生的贡献和培训。