权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Biodiversity, species coexistence and ecosystem functiioning

生物多样性、物种共存和生态系统功能

基本信息

批准号：
311788-2010
负责人：
Lundholm, Jeremy
金额：
$ 2.48万
依托单位：
Saint Mary's University
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=571621
关键词：
Biodiversity species coexistence ecosystem functiioning

项目摘要

Ecosystem functions are essential for life on earth, and there has been a major research effort in past decades to determine the relationships between species diversity and ecosystem functioning. People construct ecosystems such as sewage treatment wetlands and green roofs to provide specific ecosystem services, but the relationships between the number of species in the ecosystem and performance of desired services has been little investigated. The proposed research will evaluate the role of increasing the number of plant species and different plant life-forms (grasses, succulents, shrubs etc.) in improving green roof performance. The ability for green roofs to provide services such as summer temperature reductions, winter temperature increases, carbon capture, stormwater retention and resistance to invasion by undesirable plants will be evaluated in replicated green roof microcosms. The traits of plant species and life-forms that optimally perform these different services will be assessed to determine the relationships between general plant traits and ecosystem functions. This will allow for selection of plants in many different regions to optimize green roof functioning. The benefits of increased plant biodiversity on roofs will only be sustained in the long-term if multiple species or life-forms can coexist without being outcompeted. We will determine whether the species that perform optimally on green roofs can coexist stably, and determine the mechanisms that allow such coexistence. While species differences are essential for biodiversity to enhance ecosystem functioning, recent "neutral models" suggest that such differences are not required for long-term coexistence of species. We will investigate whether the degree to which species coexistence is governed by mechanisms that rely on species differences. This research will result in tangible improvement to green roof performance that will in turn lead to energy and economic savings.

生态系统功能对地球上的生命至关重要，在过去的几十年里，物种多样性和生态系统功能之间的关系一直是研究的重点。人们构建诸如污水处理湿地和绿色屋顶等生态系统来提供特定的生态系统服务，但生态系统中物种数量与所需服务性能之间的关系却很少被研究。拟议的研究将评估增加植物种类和不同植物生命形式（草、多肉植物、灌木等）在改善绿色屋顶性能方面的作用。绿色屋顶提供服务的能力，如夏季温度降低，冬季温度升高，碳捕获，雨水保留和抵抗有害植物入侵的能力将在复制的绿色屋顶微观世界中进行评估。植物物种和生命形式的性状，最优地执行这些不同的服务将被评估，以确定一般植物性状和生态系统功能之间的关系。这将允许在许多不同地区选择植物，以优化绿色屋顶的功能。