New catalytic reduction and coupling methods

新的催化还原和偶联方法

• 批准号: 326899-2012
• 负责人: Nikonov, Georgii
• 金额: $ 3.28万
• 依托单位: Brock University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=571865
• 关键词: New; catalytic; reduction; coupling; methods

Catalysis is involved in a large number of industrial processes in the petroleum, energy production, chemicals production, and the food industry sectors. It is essential in areas as diverse as gasoline production, control of auto emissions, production of polymers, synthesis of pharmaceuticals and food processing. Catalysis is a very important phenomenon, accounting (by some estimates) directly and indirectly for 20-25% of GDP of industrialised countries. Many of these catalytic processes are mediated by late transition metals, such as rhodium and platinum, that suffer from increasing prices and recognized toxicity (e.g. Speier's hydrosilylation catalyst H2PtCl6 and Wilkinson's hydrogenation catalyst (Ph3P)3RhCl). Our research programme is concerned with the development of new catalysts and catalytic methods for transforming organic compounds into useful products. One goal is to discover new methods for reductions that are normally difficult to accomplish, such as those of nitriles, amides, esters and heteroaromatic compounds like pyridine or quinolone. We are also interested in making these methods chemoselective, that is, being able to perform the desired reduction on only one part of the molecule when other sensitive groups are present. This helps increase the yield of the product, simplifies its isolation, and minimizes waste. We shall also study the use of less toxic and less expensive early transition metals, such as molybdenum, for catalysis. In addition we shall perform mechanistic studies in order to understand how our new catalysts work. This will help us design better, predictable catalysts for specific applications. Our research will lead to powerful new synthetic tools for more efficient preparation of a variety of products with industrial, household and laboratory applications.

催化作用涉及石油、能源生产、化工生产和食品工业部门的大量工业过程。它在汽油生产、汽车排放控制、聚合物生产、药品合成和食品加工等各个领域都是必不可少的。催化作用是一种非常重要的现象，（据估计）直接或间接地占工业化国家GDP的20-25%。这些催化过程中的许多都是由后期过渡金属介导的，如铑和铂，这些金属的价格不断上涨，并且具有公认的毒性（例如Speier的氢硅化催化剂H2PtCl6和Wilkinson的氢化催化剂（Ph3P）3RhCl）。