New catalytic reduction and coupling methods

新的催化还原和偶联方法

• 批准号: 326899-2012
• 负责人: Nikonov, Georgii
• 金额: $ 3.28万
• 依托单位: Brock University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=571865
• 关键词: New; catalytic; reduction; coupling; methods

Catalysis is involved in a large number of industrial processes in the petroleum, energy production, chemicals production, and the food industry sectors. It is essential in areas as diverse as gasoline production, control of auto emissions, production of polymers, synthesis of pharmaceuticals and food processing. Catalysis is a very important phenomenon, accounting (by some estimates) directly and indirectly for 20-25% of GDP of industrialised countries. Many of these catalytic processes are mediated by late transition metals, such as rhodium and platinum, that suffer from increasing prices and recognized toxicity (e.g. Speier's hydrosilylation catalyst H2PtCl6 and Wilkinson's hydrogenation catalyst (Ph3P)3RhCl). Our research programme is concerned with the development of new catalysts and catalytic methods for transforming organic compounds into useful products. One goal is to discover new methods for reductions that are normally difficult to accomplish, such as those of nitriles, amides, esters and heteroaromatic compounds like pyridine or quinolone. We are also interested in making these methods chemoselective, that is, being able to perform the desired reduction on only one part of the molecule when other sensitive groups are present. This helps increase the yield of the product, simplifies its isolation, and minimizes waste. We shall also study the use of less toxic and less expensive early transition metals, such as molybdenum, for catalysis. In addition we shall perform mechanistic studies in order to understand how our new catalysts work. This will help us design better, predictable catalysts for specific applications. Our research will lead to powerful new synthetic tools for more efficient preparation of a variety of products with industrial, household and laboratory applications.

催化在石油、能源生产、化学品生产和食品工业部门的大量工业过程中都有涉及。它在汽油生产、汽车尾气控制、聚合物生产、药品合成和食品加工等多个领域都是必不可少的。催化是一种非常重要的现象，直接和间接占工业化国家GDP的20%-25%(根据一些估计)。其中许多催化过程是由后过渡金属(如Rh和Ph)介导的，这些金属因价格上涨和公认的毒性而受到影响(例如Speier的硅氢化催化剂H2PtCl6和Wilkinson的氢化催化剂(Ph3p)3RhCl)。 我们的研究计划涉及开发新的催化剂和催化方法，将有机化合物转化为有用的产品。一个目标是发现通常难以完成的还原的新方法，例如腈、酰胺、酯和杂芳烃化合物，如吡啶或喹诺酮。我们也有兴趣使这些方法具有化学选择性，也就是说，当其他敏感基团存在时，能够只对分子的一部分进行所需的还原。这有助于增加产品的产量，简化其分离，并最大限度地减少浪费。我们还将研究使用毒性较低、价格较低的早期过渡金属，如钼，用于催化。此外，我们还将进行机理研究，以了解我们的新催化剂是如何工作的。这将帮助我们为特定的应用设计更好的、可预测的催化剂。我们的研究将导致强大的新的合成工具，以更有效地制备各种工业、家庭和实验室应用的产品。