Response of ocean productivity to a warming Arctic

海洋生产力对北极变暖的反应

• 批准号: 378587-2011
• 负责人: Varela, Diana
• 金额: $ 0.82万
• 依托单位: University of Victoria
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Northern Research Supplement
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=572878
• 关键词: Response; ocean; productivity; warming; Arctic

High-latitude oceans are experiencing the most dramatic climatic variations due to global warming. Predicted changes (e.g. in sea ice cover, circulation patterns, water column stratification, temperature, dissolved carbon dioxide, nutrient supply) will impact marine ecosystem structure and function by affecting the productivity of floating unicellular algae (phytoplankton) at the base of the biological system. These photosynthetic organisms take up nutrients dissolved in surface waters and deliver them to the deep sea after sinking, death and decomposition thereby controlling the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Therefore, phytoplankton play a critical role in modifying the earth's climate by changing the carbon balance of the ocean. In addition to modulating climate, phytoplankton physiology can affect nutrient transfer along marine food webs with potentially dramatic consequences for the survival of fish and marine mammals in arctic seas. Therefore, it is critical to experimentally evaluate phytoplankton responses to warming, especially in the western Arctic where phytoplankton processes studies are few. Results from my NSERC Discovery research program will shed new light on the factors affecting the productivity of cold-water marine phytoplankton, and improve our understanding of nutrient cycles, carbon export and food web dynamics in the Arctic Ocean under a changing climate. This Northern Research Supplement is critical for the success of my Discovery Individual program by supporting expensive logistic costs associated with arctic research, especially travel, and shipping of supplies and samples. We will take an active role in the dissemination of findings about the effects of climate change on marine ecosystems to northern communities. By removing the 'element of surprise', information about potential future changes will help these communities adapt to new socio-economic conditions and alternative ways of subsistence.

由于全球变暖，高纬度海洋正在经历最剧烈的气候变化。预测的变化（例如海冰覆盖、环流模式、水柱分层、温度、溶解的二氧化碳、营养物供应）将通过影响生物系统底部漂浮单细胞藻类（浮游植物）的生产力，影响海洋生态系统的结构和功能。这些光合生物吸收溶解在表层沃茨中的营养物质，并在下沉、死亡和分解后将其输送到深海，从而控制大气中的二氧化碳水平。因此，浮游植物通过改变海洋的碳平衡在改变地球气候方面发挥着关键作用。除了调节气候外，浮游植物的生理机能还能影响沿着海洋食物网的营养转移，对北极海洋中的鱼类和海洋哺乳动物的生存可能造成严重后果。因此，这是至关重要的实验评估浮游植物对变暖的反应，特别是在北极西部的浮游植物过程的研究很少。 我的NSERC发现研究计划的结果将揭示影响冷水海洋浮游植物生产力的因素，并提高我们对营养循环，碳出口和食物网动态的理解在不断变化的气候下北冰洋。这个北方研究补充是至关重要的成功，我的发现个人计划，支持昂贵的后勤成本与北极研究，特别是旅行，以及运输用品和样品。 我们将发挥积极作用，向北方社区传播关于气候变化对海洋生态系统影响的调查结果。通过消除“贫困因素”，关于未来可能变化的信息将有助于这些社区适应新的社会经济条件和替代的生存方式。