Functionalization of metal surfaces by laser micro-machining and their potential for tribological and rheological applications

通过激光微加工实现金属表面的功能化及其在摩擦学和流变学应用中的潜力

• 批准号: 402448-2011
• 负责人: Kietzig, AnneMarie
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=573287
• 关键词: Functionalization; metal; surfaces; laser; micro

Nature gives plenty of striking examples of sophisticated solutions to typical engineering problems such as wetting, drag and friction. The interesting functionalities of all these surfaces can be traced back to one common feature: a surface structure on two length scales (on the micro- and nanometer scale). Femtosecond laser micromachining is a high precision, microfabrication technique, which allows the fabrication of surface structures on two length scales in one process step. The goal of the proposed research is to use this process on metals, polymers and ceramics to biomimic various natural surfaces with superior functionalities for engineering applications. The influence of various laser settings and the effect of the irradiation environment will be studied with regard to the resulting surface structure and reactivity. It is expected that the surface wettability of the irradiated sample can be controlled through the surface geometry and timely exposure of the reactive surface to a well defined environment. Tribological studies will focus on the hypothesis that (i) hydrophobicity reduces capillary attraction in the presence of relative humidity; (ii) surface valleys act as traps for wear debris; and (iii) the hierarchical surface structure serves as lubricant reservoirs. Finally, flow studies will address slip flow enhancement through superhydrophobic, air trapping surface structures. The proposed research is original in two important aspects: (1) It constitutes a one-step process to structure and functionalize surfaces of various materials by non-contact micromachining, which offers high precision in the resulting structure, versatility with regard to the geometries that can be treated, and is easy to upscale for commercial applications. (2) It opens the door to conduct fundamental research aimed at investigating the isolated effect of surface wettability on anti-fouling, anti-icing, tribological and rheological studies without changing the underlying base material - something that has not yet been possible. The initial projects of this research program will involve the training of two M.Eng. and two Ph.D. students over the next 5 years. Future HQP training will exceed this number, indicating the great research potential of this new field.

大自然为润湿、阻力和摩擦等典型工程问题提供了许多复杂解决方案的引人注目的例子。所有这些表面的有趣功能都可以追溯到一个共同特征：两个长度尺度（微米和纳米尺度）的表面结构。 飞秒激光微加工是一种高精度的微加工技术，可以在一个工艺步骤中制造两个长度尺度的表面结构。 拟议研究的目标是在金属、聚合物和陶瓷上使用这种工艺来仿生各种具有卓越功能的天然表面，用于工程应用。将研究各种激光设置的影响和照射环境对所得表面结构和反应性的影响。预计辐照样品的表面润湿性可以通过表面几何形状和反应表面及时暴露于明确的环境来控制。摩擦学研究将集中于以下假设：(i) 疏水性在相对湿度存在的情况下降低毛细管吸引力； (ii) 表面凹谷充当磨损碎片的陷阱； (iii)分级表面结构充当润滑剂储存库。最后，流动研究将通过超疏水、空气滞留表面结构来解决滑流增强问题。 所提出的研究在两个重要方面具有原创性：（1）它构成了一种通过非接触式微机械加工对各种材料的表面进行结构化和功能化的一步过程，其所产生的结构具有高精度，可处理的几何形状具有多功能性，并且易于升级以用于商业应用。 (2) 它为开展基础研究打开了大门，旨在研究表面润湿性对防污、防冰、摩擦学和流变学研究的孤立影响，而无需改变底层基础材料——这是目前不可能的。 该研究计划的初始项目将涉及培训两名工程硕士。和两名博士学位。未来5年的学生。未来HQP培训将超过这个数字，表明这一新领域的巨大研究潜力。