High-yielding, superior quality, disease-resistant, herbicide-tolerant hybrid high erucic acid rapeseed research at the University of Manitoba

马尼托巴大学高产优质抗病耐除草剂杂交高芥酸油菜研究

• 批准号: 436733-2012
• 负责人: Duncan, Robert
• 金额: $ 28.05万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=574353
• 关键词: yielding; superior; quality; disease; resistant

The Canadian canola/rapeseed industry contributed $15.4 billion annually to Canada's economy in the 2007-2009 period. High Erucic Acid Rapeseed (HEAR) production is a small but profitable component of the Canadian canola/rapeseed industry, with Canada producing approximately half of the annual global supply of erucic acid oil. Erucic acid oil and its derivatives are used in lubricants, slip agents, plastics, lacquers, coatings, cosmetics, nylons and pharmaceuticals. Current open pollinated HEAR cultivars yield approximately 2200 kg/ha, while current hybrid canola cultivars yield approximately 2500 kg/ha. Developing HEAR hybrids is necessary to maintain profitable HEAR production in Canada, since HEAR and canola cultivars compete for the same production area. The proposed HEAR Collaborative Research and Development Project focuses on the development of high-yielding, superior quality, disease-resistant, herbicide-tolerant (HT) hybrid HEAR cultivars at the University of Manitoba. We will accomplish this using two different pollination control systems, generation of increased Brassica napus diversity, utilization of marker-assisted selection and further characterization of blackleg disease variation in western Canada and the genetics of blackleg resistance. This project will incorporate expertise in plant breeding, genomics, and disease resistance at the University of Manitoba (Drs. Duncan, Fernando and Li), expertise in breeding and hybrid development from DL Seeds and a tradition of seed/oil/meal processing from Bunge Canada. Our team will produce the world's first hybrid HT HEAR cultivar, and in the short-term, hybrid HT HEAR research and development will increase HT HEAR yields by at least 10 to 15%. The hybrid yield advantage of this unique and profitable crop will add significant annual value to the Canadian economy, benefiting farmers, the seed industry and seed processors. This research will provide a unique educational venue for training highly qualified personnel (HQP) in plant breeding, plant genomics and plant pathology. The demand for HQP in these areas is large and growing steadily, while the capacity to train such HQP is declining.

2007-2009年期间，加拿大油菜籽/油菜籽产业每年为加拿大经济贡献154亿加元。 高芥酸油菜籽（HEAR）生产是加拿大油菜籽/油菜籽产业的一个小而有利可图的组成部分，加拿大生产的芥酸油约占全球年供应量的一半。 芥酸油及其衍生物用于润滑剂、增滑剂、塑料、漆、涂料、化妆品、尼龙和药物。目前的自由授粉HEAR栽培品种产量约为2200 kg/ha，而目前的杂交卡诺拉栽培品种产量约为2500 kg/ha。开发HEAR杂交种是必要的，以保持有利可图的HEAR生产在加拿大，因为HEAR和卡诺拉品种竞争同一生产区域。拟议的HEAR合作研究和开发项目的重点是在马尼托巴大学开发高产、上级质量、抗病、耐除草剂（HT）的HEAR杂交品种。我们将使用两种不同的授粉控制系统，一代增加甘蓝型油菜的多样性，利用标记辅助选择和进一步表征黑胫病在加拿大西部的变化和黑胫病抗性的遗传。该项目将结合马尼托巴大学（邓肯、费尔南多和李博士）在植物育种、基因组学和抗病性方面的专业知识，DL Seeds在育种和杂交开发方面的专业知识，以及Bunge Canada的种子/油/粉加工传统。我们的团队将生产世界上第一个杂交HT HEAR品种，在短期内，杂交HT HEAR的研发将使HT HEAR产量提高至少10%至15%。这种独特而有利可图的作物的杂交产量优势将为加拿大经济增加显着的年度价值，使农民，种子行业和种子加工商受益。这项研究将为培养植物育种、植物基因组学和植物病理学方面的高素质人才提供一个独特的教育场所。这些领域对HQP的需求量很大，而且在稳步增长，而培训此类HQP的能力却在下降。