Characterization of blood storage lesions using photoacoustic technologies

临床上对用于输血的血液制品有很大的需求。典型的临床情况下，血液 所需的治疗包括创伤或手术出血、贫血和影响血红蛋白生成的疾病。加拿大 血液服务中心每年收集大约85万单位的血液，供数千名患者使用。 血液通常储存约42天。越来越多的证据表明， 红细胞（RBC）在储存期间的功能，以及已储存的RBC的输血 这段时间或更长的时间可能会增加患者的发病率和死亡率，特别是在脆弱的患者群体中。一 一种可以快速表征储存RBC适用性的技术可能对临床应用产生重大影响。 实践，而且还作为一种工具，以评估血液质量的发展新的血液储存协议。我们有 最近发现了一种快速表征红细胞的新技术， 当红细胞暴露于短脉冲激光时产生的声波。在这项技术中，它是基于 光声效应，常规的光谱学（其提供关于细胞的功能信息）， 结合超声射频光谱（提供有关细胞的结构信息），以评估 RBC适合移植。这种新技术也可以适用于研究其他形式的红细胞病理学。 在这项工作中，我们建议制定协议，使血液制品的快速表征所需的 输血我们将通过将我们的分析技术结果与所用标准品进行比较来检测系统适用性 并开发一个原型系统，使大量的快速表征 RBC的。

There is a significant clinical need for blood products used in blood transfusions. Typical clinical situations where blood is needed include traumatic or surgical bleeding, anemias and diseases that affect hemoglobin production. The Canadian Blood Services collects approximately 850,000 units of blood that are administered to thousands of patients each year. Blood is typically stored for about 42 days. Increasing evidence suggests that significant alterations occur in the structure and function of red blood cells (RBC) during this storage period, and that the transfusion of RBC that have been stored for this or longer periods of time may increase patient morbidity and mortality, especially in vulnerable patient populations. A technique that could rapidly characterize the suitability of stored RBCs could potentially have a significant impact on clinical practise but also serve as a tool to assess the blood quality in the development of new blood storage protocols. We have recently discovered a new technique for the rapid characterization of red blood cells that analyzes the frequencies of the sound waves produced when red blood cells are exposed to short pulses of laser light. In this technique, which is based on the photoacoustic effect, conventional optical spectroscopy (which provides functional information about the cell) is combined with ultrasound radiofrequency spectroscopy (which provides structural information about the cell), to assess the RBC suitability for transplantation. This novel technique can also be adapted to study other forms of red blood cell pathology. In this work, we propose to develop protocols that will allow the rapid characterization of blood products that are required for blood transfusions. We will test the system suitability by comparing the results of our analytical techniques to standards used in the characterization of blood and develop a prototype system that will enable the rapid characterization of large numbers of RBC.