Production of adhesives from bark through fast pyrolysis

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Many forestry companies generate large amounts of bark residues. These residues are currently combusted in bark boilers to generate low value steam. The main objective of the proposed research is to investigate the conversion of bark into a high value liquid that could substitute phenol derived from fossil petroleum resources in phenol-formaldehyde resins (a main application of these resins is the manufacture of plywood). This would provide significant economic and environmental benefits. The Institute for Chemicals and Fuels from Alternative Resources (ICFAR) has developed a process for the fractional condensation of pyrolytic vapors. It produces two liquids: an aqueous condensate and a dry, low acidity bio-oil that should be ideal for phenol substitution in phenol-formaldehyde resins. The proposed research will focus on the application of the ICFAR pyrolysis technology to produce dry bio-oil from bark for the substitution of phenol in phenol-formaldehyde resins. In order to minimize external energy consumption during the pyrolysis process, the possibility of using autothermal operating conditions will be investigated by adding controlled amounts of air into the pyrolysis reactor.