Developing genomic breeding values for the Hays Converter

基因组学通过基因组选择的应用对奶牛产生了很大的影响。这是 通过一组50,000(50k)单核苷酸多态(SNPs)实现。在肉牛中最大的 对亲子关系的影响(这确实提高了一些人的遗传改进率 情况)或选择牛肉质量。对牛肉饲养者来说，基因组选择才刚刚开始。 在不同品种中进行基因组选择的困难之一与不同的基因有关 品种之间的体系结构，因此不可能将一个种群的结果应用于另一个种群(对于 从荷斯坦到泽西的奶牛特性的例子)。然而，当我们在一个人口中观察时，比如那些 Guelph大学(UofG)或Kinsella牧场(Alberta大学)，并尝试预测下一个 一代一代，效果非常好。面临的挑战是能够对其他人群进行预测。 我们对Kinsella牛群所经历的群体内预测精度提供了对 在一个小种群(在这种情况下是牛群中的近亲动物)内是可能的，当这些种群是 基因分型和表型分析。干草转换器代表了一种合成品种，它具有 与迄今为止研究过的其他Kinsella种群形成互补。干草转化器(HC)已作为 封闭种群和近亲交配在种群中形成了独特的结构。首字母A 2013年，由UofG的史蒂夫·米勒指导的一名硕士学生完成了对HC的基因组分析。一个 近亲交配的阳性率和遗传多样性的数量有所下降。这项建议是为了帮助 HC将利用基因组学开发新的改进策略，以提高遗传改良率 同时控制近亲交配。

Genomics has had a large impact in dairy cattle through the application of genomic selection. This was achieved with a panel of 50,000 (50k) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In beef cattle the largest impact has been to the assigning of parentage (which does increase rates of genetic improvement in some situations) or selecting for beef quality. Genomic selection is just now becoming available to beef breeders. One of the struggles in making genomic selection work in different breeds relates to the different genetic architectures between breeds, so that it is not possible to apply results from one population to another (for example from Holstein to Jersey for dairy traits). However, when we look within a population, such as those at the University of Guelph (UofG) or the Kinsella ranch (University of Alberta), and try and predict the next generation, the results are very good. The challenge is to be able to develop predictions for other populations. The within-herd prediction accuracies that we experience for the Kinsella herd provide insight into what is possible within a small population (in this case related animals in a herd), when those populations are genotyped and phenotyped. The Hays Converter represents a synthetic breed which has attributes complementary to the other Kinsella populations studied to date. The Hays Converter (HC) has been run as a closed population and inbreeding in the formation of the population has created a unique structure. An initial genomic analysis, of the HC was completed by an MSc student supervised by Steve Miller at UofG in 2013. A positive rate of inbreeding and a decrease in the amount of genetic diversity was found. This proposal is to help the HC to develop a new improvement strategy utilizing genomics to improve rates of genetic improvement while controlling inbreeding.