Sustainable Additive Manufacturing Materials from Waste Biomass

添加剂制造，AM，通常被称为3D打印，使材料能够分层以 在航空航天、汽车、玩具等领域生产各种3D模型，或许最重要的是， 医疗应用。这种计算机驱动的技术利用3D扫描或计算机生成的模型 生产由许多粉状物质中的任何一种组成的三维物体，例如 金属、沙子或塑料。AM中使用的许多物质的一些主要缺点是成本过高 与这些物质相关的物质以及它们从当地来源获得的现成情况。潜在的解决方案在于 在使用从废弃生物质中获得的可持续材料方面。利用废弃生物质提供了一种可行的、 用于AM的成本低得多、可再生且环境友好的基材来源此外， 许多类型的生物质废物可以在加拿大许多地区本地获得，减少了对 外部来源。将生物质废物作为可行的AM材料进行研究的潜在来源包括 木质素、甲壳素和藻饼(或它们的组合)。新斯科舍省有充足的途径获得这些生物聚合物 从纸浆和造纸过程中以木质素形式存在的废生物质、废甲壳和 藻类废物通常被处置在垃圾填埋场或沉淀池等。因此，AM的发展 利用这些来源的生物质废物的过程对相关行业来说是一个增值方面。 这里的建议旨在调查用于AM的这种废物生物质的可行性的组成 将确定每个生物质来源，然后评估每个生物质的化学和物理性质 它们适合单独或作为它们的组合在AM中使用。

Additive Manufacturing, AM, more commonly referred to as 3D Printing, enables the layering of materials to produce a wide array of 3D models in sectors such as aerospace, auto, toys, and, perhaps most importantly, medical applications. This computer driven technology makes use of 3D scans or computer generated models to produce three dimensional objects composed of any one of a number of powder based substances such as metals, sand, or plastics. Some major drawbacks of many of the substances used in AM are the exorbitant cost associated with these substances as well as their ready availability from local sources. A potential solution lies in the use of sustainable materials obtained from waste biomass. The use of waste biomass presents a viable, far less expensive, renewable, and environmentally friendly source of substrates for use in AM. Furthermore, many types of biomass waste can be locally sourced across many regions of Canada decreasing dependence on external sources. Among the potential sources of biomass waste to be studied as viable AM materials are lignin, chitin, and algal cake (or combinations of these). Nova Scotia has ample access to these biopolymers from waste biomass in the form of lignin waste from the pulp and paper process, waste crustacean shells, and algal waste which are typically disposed of in landfills or settling ponds, etc. Hence, the development of an AM process utilizing these sources of biomass waste represent a value added aspect to the associated industries. The proposal herein seeks to investigate the viability of such waste biomass for use in AM. The composition of each biomass source will be determined followed by assessing chemical and physical properties of each and their suitability for use in AM either individually or as composite combinations thereof.