Catalysis, Separations and New Methodologies with Ionic Liquids

离子液体的催化、分离和新方法

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-04910
• 负责人: Singer, Robert
• 金额: $ 1.46万
• 依托单位: Saint Mary's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=613248
• 关键词: Catalysis; Separations; New; Methodologies; Ionic

The use of room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) in chemical applications has gained significant and varied interest over the last few decades. In addition to use as novel reaction media they have enjoyed applications in materials, catalysis, and separations amongst others. RTILs possess a unique set of chemical and physical properties, some of which are tuneable, making them attractive targets for investigation. Such properties include tuneable liquid range, viscosity, volatility, polarity, and biodegradability. RTILs can also have high conductivity, thermal and electrochemical stability and superior solvating ability. However, there are a number of concerns related to RTILs that need to be addressed if they are to enjoy widespread use. These include attention being given to entire life cycle, manufacture and disposal of RTILs, toxicity, biodegradability, and cost. Specific applications of RTILs of interest to our research such as in metal separations and catalysis require that issues related to RTIL leaching, water miscibility, and metal binding ability be adequately addressed.      Hence, the overall theme of our research program involves the exploitation of the useful chemical and physical properties of RTILs while being mindful of applying Green Chemistry principles and relevant issues whenever possible. Their unique set of properties allows the solvation of chemical species, reactants, intermediates (charged and uncharged) and products in an ionic environment – potentially imparting novel solvent effects. Consequently, our research program has evolved into four main areas of interest: (1) The development of novel ionic organocatalysts that can be recycled through their use in RTIL systems.; (2) The design, synthesis, and characterization of new ionic liquids for use as alternative solvents and materials targeted toward organometallic methodology and biomass conversion.; (3) Adaptation of bimetallic and organometallic addition reactions to RTIL systems.; (4) The development of functionalized RTILs for use in metal separations or in the preparation of RTIL–metal complexes that can be easily recycled as immobilized homogeneous catalysts.

在过去的几十年里，室温离子液体(RTIL)在化学应用中的应用受到了广泛的关注。除了用作新型反应介质外，它们还在材料、催化和分离等方面有广泛的应用。RTIL具有一套独特的化学和物理性质，其中一些是可调的，使它们成为有吸引力的研究目标。这些特性包括可调的液体范围、粘度、挥发性、极性和生物降解性。RTIL还可以具有高导电性、热稳定性和电化学稳定性，以及优异的溶解能力。然而，如果要广泛使用信息权法，就需要解决与之相关的一些问题。这些问题包括关注整个生命周期、RTILs的制造和处置、毒性、生物降解性和成本。对我们的研究感兴趣的RTIL的具体应用，如在金属分离和催化中，需要充分解决与RTIL浸出、水的混和性和金属结合能力相关的问题。 因此，我们研究计划的总主题涉及开发RTIL的有用化学和物理性质，同时注意尽可能应用绿色化学原则和相关问题。它们独特的特性允许化学物种、反应物、中间体(带电和不带电)和产品在离子环境中的溶剂化-潜在地赋予新的溶剂效应。因此，我们的研究计划已经演变成四个主要的感兴趣的领域：(1)开发可通过在RTIL系统中使用来回收的新型离子有机催化剂；(2)新离子液体的设计、合成和表征，用作替代溶剂和材料，用于有机金属方法学和生物质转化；(3)双金属和有机金属加成反应在RTIL系统中的适应性；(4)用于金属分离或用于制备RTIL-金属络合物的功能化RTIL的开发，这些催化剂可以很容易地作为固定的均相催化剂回收利用。