Seismic Design and Evaluation of Concrete Bridges and Buildings

混凝土桥梁和建筑物的抗震设计与评估

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-04314
• 负责人: Mitchell, Denis
• 金额: $ 3.28万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=587729
• 关键词: Seismic; Design; Evaluation; Concrete; Bridges

The research program involves two main areas with two projects on earthquake engineering and two projects on the performance of concrete infrastructure. Research will be carried out on the seismic performance of bridges to assess the newly developed seismic design provisions of the 2014 Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code. Methods for predicting damage levels in bridge columns due to different levels of earthquakes will be developed to assist bridge designers in carrying out the new performance-based design procedures. The goal is to provide a design approach that is not only concerned about preventing collapse but also minimizing damage for smaller, more frequent seismic events. Reversed cyclic loading experiments will be carried out to study ways of predicting damage indicators for deficient existing bridge structures and analytical tools for predicting the extent of possible damage will be developed. This Discovery Grant is aimed at improving the safety of older bridges that were designed before proper seismic design procedures were available and will also provide an assessment of likely damage for different levels of earthquakes. This research will advance the state of knowledge in predicting the seismic response of new as well as existing bridges and will lead to improvements of the seismic design provisions of the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code. Studies on the effects of foundation rotation on the seismic response of buildings will be carried out to gain an understanding of the complex soil-structure interaction that takes place. The aim of this research program is to account for the effects of the increased flexibility of shear walls due to the rotations of the foundations at the base of the walls. With the aid of non-linear finite element analysis and reversed cyclic loading tests of full-scale beam-column-slab sub-assemblies, the reinforcement details and shear reinforcement required in joints of lower ductility frame members will be developed to assess suitable requirements for the CSA Standard A23.3 on the Design of Concrete Structures. These types of frames are common in eastern and central Canada and yet there is little information on the effects of the detailing of these frame members. These two research projects will advance the understanding of the effects of foundation rotation and the seismic response of frames of moderate and low ductility. This research will result in improvements to the CSA Standard for the Design of Concrete Structures. Design and detailing requirements for achieving ductile columns when using ultra-high-strength concrete will be developed for use in high-rise construction. The confinement reinforcement must be effective to provide a ductile response after sudden cover spalling occurs. The use of self-consolidating concrete with steel fibres will also be investigated as a means of partial replacement of confinement reinforcement in ductile columns. This would result in a workable concrete mix with the added benefit of the fibres and has the possibility of reducing the congestion in ductile columns. This research will advance the state of knowledge on the performance of these new types of concrete and will provide practical solutions for the confinement of columns. The use of drilled-in anchors used to provide shear reinforcement in thick slab concrete bridges to avoid shear failures will be investigated and the effects of deterioration due to alkali-silica reactivity on the shear strength will be investigated. Ways of preventing progressive collapse in parking garage structures affected by corrosion of the reinforcement and delamination will be studied. These two studies are aimed at preventing failures in existing deteriorated bridge and parking garage structures.

该研究计划涉及两个主要领域，其中两个项目涉及地震工程，两个项目涉及混凝土基础设施的性能。 将对桥梁的抗震性能进行研究，以评估2014年加拿大公路桥梁设计规范新制定的抗震设计规定。将制定预测不同地震等级对桥梁立柱造成的损坏程度的方法，以协助桥梁设计人员执行新的基于性能的设计程序。其目标是提供一种设计方法，不仅要考虑防止倒塌，而且要尽量减少更小，更频繁的地震事件的损害。将进行反向循环加载实验，以研究有缺陷的现有桥梁结构的损伤指标的预测方法，并开发用于预测可能损伤程度的分析工具。这项发现补助金旨在提高在适当的抗震设计程序可用之前设计的旧桥梁的安全性，并将对不同级别的地震可能造成的损害进行评估。这项研究将推进在预测新的以及现有的桥梁的地震反应的知识状态，并将导致加拿大公路桥梁设计规范的抗震设计规定的改进。 研究基础旋转对建筑物地震反应的影响，以了解发生的复杂的土壤-结构相互作用。这项研究计划的目的是考虑由于在墙的基础上的基础的旋转，剪力墙的灵活性增加的影响。借助非线性有限元分析和全尺寸梁-柱-板子组件的反向循环加载试验，将开发低延性框架构件接头中所需的钢筋详图和抗剪钢筋，以评估CSA标准A23.3混凝土结构设计的适当要求。这些类型的框架在加拿大东部和中部很常见，但关于这些框架构件的细节效果的信息很少。这两个研究项目将促进理解基础旋转的影响和中等和低延性框架的地震反应。这项研究将导致改进CSA标准的混凝土结构设计。 设计和详细要求实现延性柱时，使用超高强度混凝土将开发用于高层建筑。约束钢筋必须有效地提供一个延性反应后，突然盖剥落发生。使用自固结混凝土与钢纤维也将被调查作为一种手段，部分取代限制钢筋在延性柱。 这将导致一个可行的混凝土混合物与纤维的额外好处，并有可能减少在韧性柱拥挤。这项研究将推进对这些新型混凝土性能的认识，并为柱的约束提供实用的解决方案。 将研究用于在厚板混凝土桥梁中提供抗剪钢筋以避免剪切破坏的钻锚的使用，并研究碱-硅反应性对剪切强度的影响。研究了防止停车库结构在钢筋锈蚀和分层影响下连续倒塌的方法。这两项研究的目的是防止现有损坏的桥梁和停车场结构的故障。