Seismic Design and Evaluation of Concrete Bridges and Buildings

混凝土桥梁和建筑物的抗震设计与评估

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-04314
• 负责人: Mitchell, Denis
• 金额: $ 3.28万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=610957
• 关键词: Seismic; Design; Evaluation; Concrete; Bridges

The research program involves two main areas with two projects on earthquake engineering and two projects on the performance of concrete infrastructure. Research will be carried out on the seismic performance of bridges to assess the newly developed seismic design provisions of the 2014 Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code. Methods for predicting damage levels in bridge columns due to different levels of earthquakes will be developed to assist bridge designers in carrying out the new performance-based design procedures. The goal is to provide a design approach that is not only concerned about preventing collapse but also minimizing damage for smaller, more frequent seismic events. Reversed cyclic loading experiments will be carried out to study ways of predicting damage indicators for deficient existing bridge structures and analytical tools for predicting the extent of possible damage will be developed. This Discovery Grant is aimed at improving the safety of older bridges that were designed before proper seismic design procedures were available and will also provide an assessment of likely damage for different levels of earthquakes. This research will advance the state of knowledge in predicting the seismic response of new as well as existing bridges and will lead to improvements of the seismic design provisions of the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code. Studies on the effects of foundation rotation on the seismic response of buildings will be carried out to gain an understanding of the complex soil-structure interaction that takes place. The aim of this research program is to account for the effects of the increased flexibility of shear walls due to the rotations of the foundations at the base of the walls. With the aid of non-linear finite element analysis and reversed cyclic loading tests of full-scale beam-column-slab sub-assemblies, the reinforcement details and shear reinforcement required in joints of lower ductility frame members will be developed to assess suitable requirements for the CSA Standard A23.3 on the Design of Concrete Structures. These types of frames are common in eastern and central Canada and yet there is little information on the effects of the detailing of these frame members. These two research projects will advance the understanding of the effects of foundation rotation and the seismic response of frames of moderate and low ductility. This research will result in improvements to the CSA Standard for the Design of Concrete Structures. Design and detailing requirements for achieving ductile columns when using ultra-high-strength concrete will be developed for use in high-rise construction. The confinement reinforcement must be effective to provide a ductile response after sudden cover spalling occurs. The use of self-consolidating concrete with steel fibres will also be investigated as a means of partial replacement of confinement reinforcement in ductile columns. This would result in a workable concrete mix with the added benefit of the fibres and has the possibility of reducing the congestion in ductile columns. This research will advance the state of knowledge on the performance of these new types of concrete and will provide practical solutions for the confinement of columns. The use of drilled-in anchors used to provide shear reinforcement in thick slab concrete bridges to avoid shear failures will be investigated and the effects of deterioration due to alkali-silica reactivity on the shear strength will be investigated. Ways of preventing progressive collapse in parking garage structures affected by corrosion of the reinforcement and delamination will be studied. These two studies are aimed at preventing failures in existing deteriorated bridge and parking garage structures.

该研究计划涉及两个主要领域，其中包括两个地震工程项目和两个混凝土基础设施性能项目。 将对桥梁的抗震性能进行研究，以评估2014年加拿大公路桥梁设计规范新制定的抗震设计规定。将开发预测不同级别地震造成的桥柱损坏程度的方法，以帮助桥梁设计人员执行新的基于性能的设计程序。目标是提供一种设计方法，不仅要考虑防止倒塌，还要尽量减少较小、更频繁的地震事件造成的损害。将进行反向循环加载实验，研究预测现有桥梁结构缺陷损伤指标的方法，并开发预测可能损伤程度的分析工具。该发现补助金旨在提高在适当的抗震设计程序可用之前设计的旧桥梁的安全性，并将对不同级别的地震可能造成的损害进行评估。这项研究将提高预测新桥和现有桥梁地震响应的知识水平，并将改进加拿大公路桥梁设计规范的抗震设计规定。 将研究地基旋转对建筑物地震响应的影响，以了解所发生的复杂的土壤-结构相互作用。该研究计划的目的是解释由于墙底部地基的旋转而导致剪力墙灵活性增加的影响。借助非线性有限元分析和全尺寸梁柱板组件的反向循环加载试验，将开发低延性框架构件节点所需的配筋细节和抗剪配筋，以评估 CSA 标准 A23.3 混凝土结构设计的适当要求。这些类型的框架在加拿大东部和中部很常见，但关于这些框架构件的细节效果的信息很少。这两个研究项目将增进对地基旋转的影响以及中低延性框架的地震响应的理解。这项研究将改进 CSA 混凝土结构设计标准。 将制定用于高层建筑时使用超高强度混凝土时实现延性柱的设计和详细要求。约束钢筋必须有效地在覆盖层突然剥落发生后提供延性响应。还将研究使用带有钢纤维的自密实混凝土作为部分替代延性柱中约束钢筋的方法。这将产生一种可行的混凝土混合物，具有纤维的额外优点，并有可能减少延性柱的拥塞。这项研究将提高人们对这些新型混凝土性能的认识，并为柱的约束提供实用的解决方案。 将研究使用钻孔锚在厚板混凝土桥梁中提供抗剪加固以避免剪切破坏，并将研究由于碱硅反应性而导致的劣化对抗剪强度的影响。将研究防止受钢筋腐蚀和分层影响的停车场结构逐渐倒塌的方法。这两项研究旨在防止现有老化桥梁和停车场结构发生故障。